The relationship that minority group members, specifically blacks, have with their racial group has received broad attention. Some literature has focused upon effects of minority status or membership while other work has focused upon either the transformation to a positive social identity or the development of collective commitments to redress…

After organizations decide upon innovations these innovations must be implemented. The likelihood and the ease of getting an adoption unit (the segment of the organization responsible for translating decisions into action) to implement an innovation desired by a decision unit depend upon a number of factors: (1) the adoption unit's perception of…

The phenomenon of crowd behavior at sports events is examined in this paper. Previous treatments of why spectators enjoy watching sports events are examined, showing that these studies have largely ignored the potential role of intraaudience influence processes. A brief literature review notes the role of feedback between the communication event…

Frustration has been primarily investigated in relation to aggressive behaviors, but may elicit other behaviors depending on the responses available to the individual. To test the effects of task frustration and task success on subsequent group behavior, college women (N=80) were randomly assigned to one of four conditions: task success, task…

An example of how the quality of research on small groups could be enhanced is to develop a framework of scholarship around a series of hierarchical guiding questions concerning the functions of communication in the small group, the characteristics of the behavior and of the producers of that behavior that determine the extent to which particular…

The first in a series of booklets developed for governing boards, community leaders, group members, administrators, and citizens suggests techniques that can be used to maintain interest and enthusiasm in a group. The point of view taken suggests that for a group to maintain a high level of productivity, it will periodically need to examine itself…

The purpose of this booklet is to assist the leader, facilitator, or convener of a community group with suggestions to help the group become a more effective decision-making body. The point of view taken in this booklet is that consensus decisions, while difficult to make, are the most likely to be supported and understood by all group members.…

Although different philosophies may motivate presidential-press relations, causing frequent friction or adversity, there is nevertheless a strong degree of cooperation and collaboration between the press and a president of the United States. This interdependence has been particularly evident in recent administrations, and it progresses…

Presented are the proceedings of the European Conference for National Parks and Equivalent Reserves held at the Peak National Park Study Centre, Castleton, England in 1978. Thirty-nine representatives from 10 countries focused on the relationship between the parks and the people connected with them (the local people, the visitors, and the park…

SELF-REPORTS OF INTERACTION AMONG 100 GRADUATE STUDENTS IN TWO SECTIONS OF A FIVE-WEEK SUMMER SESSION COURSE IN ELEMENTARY STATISTICS WERE ANALYZED IN AN ATTEMPT TO INCREASE UNDERSTANDING OF SOCIAL ASSOCIATION AMONG HIGHLY SPECIALIZED PERSONS. SUMMARIES WERE COMPILED FOR 1203 INSTANCES OF INTERACTION--408 OF MUTUAL STUDY-HELP, 388 OF HELP GIVEN TO…

THE INTERGROUP EDUCATION PROJECT IN SEATTLE ENCOURAGES ETHNIC APPRECIATION THROUGH SEVERAL PROGRAMS. THESE INCLUDE INTER-HIGH STUDENT EXCHANGE, VOLUNTARY STUDENT AND TEACHER TRANSFER, INTERGROUP EDUCATION GUIDES, SPECIAL CURRICULAR MATERIALS THAT SHOW HOW THE NEGRO HAS A DEFINITE PLACE IN OUR HISTORY, TEACHER AND ADMINISTRATOR EDUCATION, AND…

Research was conducted to test six hypotheses about the social effectiveness of mainstreaming orthopedically handicapped children. Data were collected on the network structures of the social relationships among handicapped and nonhandicapped children in first, third, and sixth grade classrooms. The three samples of children used in the study…

Presented are the skills needed for facilitating and linking. A role play experience provides the opportunities for issues and concerns to be made explicit. The role play process permits conflict points to be made explicit and to be specified in a psychologically safe context. Because the role play is "make believe," there is permission…

In this book, a series of essays on ethnicity, indicate that there is a movement to renew self consciousness on the part of many ethnic groups from various generations. This is called the "new ethnicity". The new ethnicity has at least three components. First, it calls for a new sensitivity to others in their differences. Second, it is a form of…

This document is one in a set of four documents which present a personnel development program aimed at improving the competence of instructional leaders in planning and implementing curricula in generic work skills. (Generic work skills are defined as those skills that facilitate the operation of goal-oriented groups involved in the accomplishment…