A previous version of expectation theory assumed that the likelihood that evaluations will be accepted and used to assign performance expectations for group members depends upon the perceived ability level of the evaluator. An extension of the theory asserts that, in the absence of knowledge of the evaluator's ability, acceptance of his…

Time-extended groups provide the following: (1) they ease the need to get things started immediately, (2) they provide the opportunity for interaction to be carried to its natural end-point, (3) they allow a greater range of techniques to be experienced by members, (4) they increase the chances for therapeutic contact, (5) they allow participants…

Studies on individual and group problem solving from the past 15 years are brought together in this volume. Four sections of the book consider individual problem solving and the search for a possible unique factor in creativity. The next four sections concern themselves with the various aspects of group problem solving, and a final part of the…

Demonstrates the utility to group process facilitators of the Steinzor Effect, which states that within leaderless groups seated in circles, speakers are most apt to get responses from persons seated opposite or nearly opposite them, and least likely to get responses from persons seated alongside or nearly alongside. (Author)

Cosmopolitanism and localism are examined as they relate to professionalism. These concepts are identified as two separate reference group orientations and are discussed in terms of how they combine to provide a basis for obtaining the autonomy necessary to professionals. (TA)

Perceptions of the university community regarding the counseling center were judged to be of interest and the Counseling Appropriateness Checklist was used to ascertain these opinions from four basic groups, students, prior clients, instructional staff, and the Student Affairs staff. Results are discussed. (Author)

This study investigated the effects of videotape feedback on group and self-satisfaction. Subjects' post-meeting satisfaction with group performance was significantly altered after receiving objective feedback through videotape playbacks. Post-meeting self-satisfaction was not significantly changed. Implications of these findings are discussed.…

Two treatments, an individual behavior contract and group behavior games, were studied to determine if they reduced disruptive playground behavior. The 191 subjects were second- and fifth-grade students in two public schools. Results are discussed. (Author/MT)

Indicates that individualism-collectivism is related systematically to perceptions of communication in ingroup relationships, but its relationship to perceptions of communication on outgroup relationships is more complicated--a distinction between contextual and simple collectivism must be drawn. (NKA)

Identifies series of predictable stages through which small groups progress: pre-affiliation, power and control, intimacy, differentiation, and separation. Shows application of group development for each area as group passes through various stages. Outlines model for each area summarizing group interaction and instructor roles for each stage. (NEC)

Argues that both small group behavior and writing processes are involved in the writing of group reports. (SRT)

Challenges revisionist studies of the Civil Rights Movement by showing that the movement in Tallahassee does not fit their alternative model emphasizing deliberate planning. Concludes that while organization and planning are key variables, social movement theory must take into account spontaneity and emergence and the transformation of preexisting…

In an initial test of a theory of increasing content, forty experimental dyads ranging from compatibility to incompatibility were composed and studied. The three channels are identified as the motivation, delivery, and information channels. A linear relationship between intra-group compatibility and a set of five dependent variables was…

A developmental framework for initiating group counseling and psychotherapy is presented. On the basis of existing evidence, client risk, responsibility, and group structure were postulated as basic ingredients affecting early group development. Client exposure to levels of personal risk and responsibility most conducive to group development can…

Discusses a few key problems facing faculty members of a Group Counseling Institute that was sponsored by the U.S. Department of Labor in 1971. (RP)