Focusing upon the interactive work-group communication patterns of employees classified as "managers," this paper compares such communication observed in Japanese and United States business and industrial organizations. The paper first describes several models of decision making within American and Japanese organizations, highlighting…

Eight coaches of oral interpretation from colleges across the United States were asked to tape record the coaching sessions that brought eight novices to tournament readiness. All of the students used the same three-poem program on the general theme of animals and children, but each student was required to write the introduction and transitions.…

In spring 1978, a study was conducted at a large community college in Southern California to determine what washroom graffiti revealed about the concerns of community college students. Graffiti were monitored for a 1-month period in one male and one female washroom in each of six classroom and general purpose buildings. Graffiti were copied…

A study explored sex differences among tellers of sexually oriented jokes. One hundred forty-seven undergraduate students wrote and told sexually oriented jokes to same, opposite, and mixed sex audiences. These jokes were analyzed to determine whether they were biased against men or women, in favor of men or women, biased against both sexes, or…

A study examined the relationship between dyadic and normative accessibility of work supervisors and task characteristics of autonomy, variety, and identity (whether the task is part of a process or results in a finished product). Dyadic accessibility refers to workers' estimates of their supervisors' accessibility. Normative accessibility is the…

A study reviewed the progress of the 1978 Management by Objectives (MBO) and other management effectiveness programs initiated in Texas state agencies, 10 years after implementation. Questionnaires were distributed to a 25% random sample of executives, middle managers, and first level supervisors across the 11 largest state agencies. Over 1,700…

An exploratory study investigated technical communications in aeronautics by surveying aeronautical engineers and scientists. The study had five specific objectives: to solicit the opinions of aeronautical engineers and scientists regarding the importance of technical communications to their profession; to determine their use and production of…

To test the spiral of silence model (which asserts that an individual's expression of his or her opinion is a function of his or her perception of majority opinion), a study examined opinions regarding Radio Marti--the Voice of America's special broadcast service to Cuba--in Dade County, Florida. A random sample of 407 respondents (42% Cuban, the…

The transmission of verbal information has typically been studied within the referential communication paradigm, which has tended to use restricted tasks and simple outcome measures. In this study, new insights into the nature of communication success and failure have been obtained by the use of an approach that allows meaning to be freely…

Addressing the increasing importance of listening skills in the business world, this annotated bibliography contains 22 items from the ERIC database from 1979 to 1988. The sources cited in the first section of the bibliography are primarily concerned with teaching techniques and strategies for teachers of secondary and higher education business…

This annotated bibliography contains 28 references to articles in the ERIC database about interpersonal communication. It contains citations from the period between 1987 and 1989 and is divided into three sections. The first section presents several citations for instructional strategies in the area of interpersonal communications. The second…

This report focuses on the visual component of verbo-visual literacy, a communications concept involving the production, transmission, and perception of verbal and visual images. Five current problem areas in verbal-visual research are introduced and discussed: (1) communication (communication models, media consumption, new media, the information…

A study was conducted to explore the process of learning from television news and the relationship between audio and visual channels. The subjects, 82 undergraduate journalism majors enrolled in five newswriting classes, were randomly assigned to experimental conditions. Newscasts were recorded from evening newscasts aired by networks, and scripts…

Although the use of video playback of classroom assignments for students who are communication apprehensive, shy, or unassertive has received widespread adoption, a review of the literature suggests that its use is potentially harmful. Typically, those with high anxiety about communication are characterized by excessive fear of evaluation,…

A nationwide survey examined (1) differences between management's goals for public relations and the goals of public relations practitioners, and (2) the morale of public relations practitioners as related to this goal conflict. A 47-item questionnaire about various aspects of public relations work was completed by 557 fulltime public relations…