Research supported by U.S. Office of Education Contracts OEC-3-10-032 and OEC-6-10-108.

The criminal development of habitual felons was examined by means of lengthy interviews with 49 prison inmates, all armed robbers serving at least their second prison terms. Results are not considered generalized, but should be regarded as 49 case studies. Although some of the findings were consistent with traditional images (juvenile offender…

This study identifies elements in the attachment behaviors of 7-month infants which predict the quality of their attachment to their mothers at 13 months. At 7 months 147 infants were observed (and videotaped) during a free play period with their mothers present, during a separation from their mothers and then during a reunion period. At 13 months…

This experiment investigates the relation of a free play experience to subsequent performance on problem solving tasks among children aged 4 to 10. Ninety children were divided into 3 age groups and were assigned in pairs of free play and non-play treatment conditions. Children were paired by block design test scores to control for perceptual…

PROGRAMS ARE DIVIDED INTO THREE CATEGORIES--CHILDREN UP TO 10, CHILDREN 10 TO 16 (17 FOR BOYS), AND ADULTS. EACH CATEGORY CONSIDERS BOYS AND GIRLS SPEARATELY. THE OBJECTIVES OF THE COURSES FOR GIRLS AND WOMEN ARE TO HELP THEM ACHIEVE SATISFACTION THROUGH MAKING THE MOST OF WHAT THEY HAVE ON HAND, TO HELP THEM BECOME BETTER CITIZENS BY LEARNING…

VALIDATION AND REFINEMENT WERE MADE OF A NONVERBAL GROUP MEASURE (KD PRONENESS SCALE) OF DELINQUENCY PRONENESS WHICH CAN BE USED WITH ALL CHILDREN INCLUDING NONREADERS, SLOW LEARNERS, AND THE MENTALLY RETARDED. BEFORE-AND-AFTER DATA WERE GATHERED ON A JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL POPULATION, GRADES SEVEN TO NINE (N 2000) IN ONE CITY PUBLIC SCHOOL SYSTEM AND…

This research was designed to investigate the therapeutic value of bibliotherapy in effecting changes in the growth process (self-concept and self-actualization) of the individual in group counseling. Forty-two secondary school students enrolled in a high school in Texas participated in the study on a volunteer basis. The subjects were assigned to…

The purpose of this paper is to provide a formal three-step explication of a question that has been traditionally viewed as fundamental to developmental theory construction and explanation: Is behavioral development continous or discontinuous, or is it both? First, a preliminary structural definition of behavioral development involving a certain…

This study was interested in determining whether (1) novelty produces greater or less attention than familiarity and incongruity, and (2) if children's labeling behavior was related to their attentive behavior. Using 3- to 5-year-old children, the results indicate that attention, at least for the stimuli presented, is an increasing function from…

The behaving organism is described as a system with internal motivational and memory components which guide the actions of external input and output components. The organism actively shapes its environment by using its output to control its input from the environment. Output is a function of the psychological forces, topographic memory, and input…

Rotter's (1966) "control of reinforcement" construct is a dimension of belief or expectancy about the locus of reinforcing consequences for behavior. A generalized disposition is represented which ascribes reinforcement contingencies to either "external" (and, hence, uncontrollable) factors or to "internal" sources in which case the individual…

Designed for teachers, administrators, and other specialized educational personnel, this professional paper describes new insights involving the problem of putting health knowledge into action. It explores reasons for the discrepancy between knowledge and behavior and suggests the asking of two questions: (1) What basic problem is the individual…