Reviews literature pertaining to the subtle differences between the meanings of the particles "waw al-ma iyya" and "fa al-sababiyya," emphasizing their construction differences. (CB)

Argues that the beginnings of language need to be sought not in the universal abstract grammar proposed by Chomsky but in the evolution of the everyday interaction of the human species. Studies indicate that there is no great gulf between spoken language and nonverbal communication. (SED)

Suggests the possibility of combining aspects of a transformational generative theory such as deep structure case grammar with concepts from a nontransformational, nongenerative theoretical framework such as form content analysis, for practical application in the area of foreign language teaching. (SL)

Analyzes the resolutions of the Socialist and Communist parties in France in 1924 and 1925, and affirms the notion of a counter-grammar and counter-transformations. Also analyzes the linguistic environment of the most frequently used words. (Text is in French.) (AM)

Some sociolinguistic considerations must enter directly into a complete generative grammatical analysis of Yoruba. Using Katz's conventional approach to grammatical description wherein syntax and semantics are separate would exclude a group of possible sentences. (POP)

The primary aim of the paper is to increase the number of intuitions accounted for by Bock's rules. The revised set of rules accounts mainly for intuitions in the area of step-, half-, and -in-law relationships. (CFM)

Revised version of a paper presented at the Spring Meeting of the Linguistics Association of Great Britain, York, April 1971. (DD)

Revised version of a paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the Linguistic Society of America, St. Louis, Missouri, December 1971. (DD)

Research supported by the Contrastive Semantics Project at the University of California, Berkeley. (DD)

Original Russian version of this paper appeared in To Honor Roman Jakobson,'' II: The Hague, Mouton, 1967. (RS)