Three matched groups (n=27) of young adult alcohol offenders, non-alcohol offenders and controls were compared on mental health, use of alcohol, and problem drinking. Implications suggest that excessive drinking may be learned and maintained by psychological, physiological, and/or sociological reinforcement(s). (Author)

This study concerned relationships between state (situationally defined) "n" Ach (need for achievement), trait "n" Ach, and sex of subject in 80 college freshmen. Three standard "n" Ach tests and the mean of "n" Ach states measured under nonarousal conditions were used as trait measures. State measures of…

The instigative aggression paradigm, in which male and female subjects instructed a female confederate which shock to set for an opponent in a competitive reaction time task, was employed. Results were discussed in terms of violation of task role and sex role expectations. (Editor/RL)

Examined the Jesness Inventories, a test series designed for use in the classification and treatment of disturbed children and adolescents, of 72 male juvenile offenders to see whether personality differences existed between the profiles of juvenile delinquents and status offenders. Considers treatment ramifications and empirical evidence as aids…

New measures of sex role orientation that do not assume a undi-mensional continuum model of masculinity and femininity are reviewed, particularly with respect to androgyny. Studies intended to validate constructs are also reviewed. Although based on similar conceptualizations of sex role characteristics, scales differ psychometrically, and…

College freshmen (N=80) who scored near the mean on the Extraversion (E) and Neuroticism (N) scales of the Eysenck Personality Inventory were given falsified score reports. The findings are considered in terms of social desirability and reaction to stereotypical female sex roles. (Author)

A rationale for the Environmental Response Inventory (ERI) a multiscale measure of environmental dispositions, is presented. Details of the development of the instrument are outlined, and a description of the scales is provided. Applications of the ERI to various areas of research in man-environment relations are reviewed. (Editors/BT)

Temperament is examined from a longitudinal, within-individual perspective in order to investigate short-term change and patterns of temperament changes. For 100 consectutive days five mothers completed a temperament survey, reporting on their own and their two-year-old children's behavior. Patterns of change were identified for both mothers and…

Two procedures--a consensual procedure and an independent procedure--for measuring personality, and a demonstration designed to help students understand which is more accurate and why, are described. Independent ratings are found to be more valid than group consensus. (RM)

Comparisons of temperament ratings of preschool and kindergarten children to determine level of agreement among observers showed that teacher and parent ratings were in no greater agreement than student and parent ratings. Teachers and students displayed highest number of significant correlations. Agreement did not increase with age of children.…

Presents overview of Lazarus's multimodal therapy model and the Q-sort, an observer-evaluation scoring instrument. Outlines feasibility of integrating Q-sort within multimodal model. Describes both a preliminary attempt using expert raters to categorize Q-sort cards within the model and a case study on how to assess client by incorporating Q-sort…

Reviews research concerning the usefulness of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory in identification of alcoholics' personality characteristics. Discusses scales, profile configurations, and item analyses. Finds no single personality type characteristic of all alcoholics, although six cluster types occur with consistency. Alcoholics…

Results from use of Role Construct Repertory Test and Bipolar Implication Grid with 17 undergraduates support hypotheses that: (1) personal constructs elicited early in repertory test are subjectively more important than those elicited later; (2) former tend to be more meaningful than latter in terms of implication potential; and (3) implication…

Describes Carl Jung's theory of psychological type and the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), an instrument to assess Jungian type. Cites sources of information on the research and application of the theory and the MBTI. Explores how knowledge of type theory can be useful to counselor educators. (Author)

Considers the cross-cultural consistency of personality inventories, concluding that it is justifiable to use the scale of the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire for comparisons within and between different countries. (Author/LHW)