By examining the relationship between culture and the formation of personality, this paper attempts to define and describe the "culture of poverty." While recognizing that many studies and findings exist which support the culture of poverty concept, the paper also recognizes that there are too many unanswered questions to state unequivocally that…

This paper is prepared for the rehabilitation practitioner and hopefully will meet some of the needs of the academician as well. The data covers the following major areas: How personality develops, How emotional pathology develops, Defense mechanisms, Classification of psychological makeup, Treatment of emotional pathology, Commonly used glossary,…

Retrospective reports on stressful life events and a measure of internal-external locus of control orientation were analyzed. Findings indicated (a) affectively significant, recalled life stresses (preschool) were related to strong external control orientation in adulthood; and (b) recalled positive life stresses tended to be related to strong…

Recent research in adult personality and social development suggests that adults experience predictable transitional and stable periods. The implications for counseling psychologists' work with adult clients are discussed. Counseling psychologists are encouraged to adopt a more positive view of roles that crises play in adult personality and…

The symptoms of, and possible treatments for 21 borderline and psychotic adolescents who had suffered from borderline psychoses in childhood were examined from a developmental point of view. It was concluded that therapeutic possibilities exist. Some childhood symptoms could be used directly in treatment, while others disappeared with general…

It is important for those working with the mentally retarded to encourage them to make their own decisions on the use of their leisure time. (JD)

Major effects of divorce identified are age and sex of the child, relative willingness and ability of parents to care for the child, and nature of the parent-child relationships. There is little support for assumptions that divorce is necessarily harmful and custody should always be awarded to mothers. (Author)

It is argued that ego analytic, disengagement, and symbolic interaction theories of personality share an insufficient consideration of the dynamics of the interaction between developmental and social forces transpiring during the aging period. An alternative, transactional model is proposed. (Author)

Considers the fears about a unisex world, in particular the concern that children in such a society would grow up confused about what it means to be a man or a woman. Proposes that androgyny founded on the idea of firm gender identity provides a model and direction for change more viable than that connoted by the term "unisex".…

The literature on the diagnostic validity of schizotypal personality disorders (SPD) in childhood is reviewed, and the results of a chart review of 20 SPD children meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual III criteria are presented suggesting that SPD in childhood exists and warrants study. (Author/CB)

Analysis of vocational adjustment for 109 male and 89 female mentally retarded workers (ages 16-45) indicated that while no single factor predicted vocational success, work-related personality traits and basic work skills should be emphasized. It is concluded that mental retardation and vocational inadequacy should be considered separately.…

Assessed temperament of newborn twins using comprehensive neonatal exam that focused on irritability, resistance to soothing activity, and reinforcement value. Some infants were later assessed at 9 months. Emotional activity appeared to be core dimension stretching over ages and is discussed in relation to formulations of infant temperament.…

Two studies examined children's inferences of personality for actors engaging in different domains of behavior. In both studies, first, fourth, and seventh graders were given two descriptions of actors engaging in either moral or conventional transgressions. Findings indicated that children's concepts of persons were inferred from information…

Examines main and interactional effects of paternal identification on a son's personality and drug use. As in another study by Brook et al., included in this issue, questionnaires were completed by White college students and their fathers. Sons who identified with fathers having positive traits were more likely to possess these traits themselves.…

Presents arguments for oral language work in classrooms that go far beyond "the principal means of human communication" justification. Topics discussed include relationships between oral language and literacy, intelligence, problem solving, cognition, "the hypothetical mode of learning," and personality growth. Recommendations…