Highly anxious self-referred snake phobics received either (a) therapist-administered desensitization, (b) self-administered desensitization with weekly therapist phone calls, (c) totally self-administered desensitization, (d) self-administered double-blind placebo control, or (e) no treatment. Pretreatment to posttreatment measures revealed…

The effects of reinforcement on four different intelligence test measures for 72 trainable mentally retarded children was investigated. The Lorge-Thorndike Vocabulary, WISC Arithmetic, Picture Arrangement, and Comprehension subtests were administered. Reinforced administration resulted in superior performance on all but the Comprehension test.…

This experiment demonstrated that 12-month-old monkeys reared in social isolation developed appropriate species-typical behavior through the use of adaptation, self pacing of visual input and exposure to younger "therapist" monkeys. A critical period of socialization is not indicated in the rhesus monkey. (GO)

From a practical point of view, this study, drawing on the works of several writers, has attempted to present the existential point of view with respect to both therapy and educational change. Specifically, it centered on some of the factors of psychological dysfunction as conceived by Bugental in contrast to more traditional approaches.…

An examination is made of the specific language used in giving advice and the fine difference possible between what the speaker says and the effect of what he says on the actions or thoughts of the person receiving advice. (JD)

Based upon the assumption that the way teachers perceive others depends upon how they view themselves, some items are proposed for self-study. (JD)

Explains the basic philosophy of Personal Mastery Counseling and how this counseling approach differs from other types of counseling. (HMV)

The author provides a model designed to identify the flow of events that occur in sequence and cycles during the life of a counseling group. The purpose of the article is to provide the group leader with a series of intervention techniques designed to facilitate that process. (Author)

Fifty-two University of Georgia juniors in a Competency Based Teacher Education Program employed two families of teaching models while teaching in two elementary field centers for three consecutive quarters. Observation revealed that four models were extensively implemented in grades K-5 while two were selected less than half the time. (Author/JC)

Discusses social issues outside science education that directly affect policies, curricula and instruction in science. The role of personal values and cultural paradigms in social change, limits to growth and the role of science education in the emerging ecological society are among the ideas discussed. (HM)

This study evaluates the impact of personal-social counseling upon student behavior change. The primary concern was a measure of the effect of a counselor-initiated humanistic-intervention paradigm upon identified personal-social problem areas of nonreferred Black junior high school students. (Author)

Two new variations of overcorrection (a behavior modification technique) in the treatment of the self-injurious behaviors (cigarette-butt-eating and hair pulling) of a 57-year-old profoundly mentally handicapped woman are discussed. (BD)

The author examines trends in special education of the past five years, including court cases, emphasis on mainstreaming, categorization schemes, and behavior modification schemes, and makes projections for the next five years. (MJB)

Examines effect of contract-based behavioral intervention on decision-making patterns of delinquent adolescents and their parents. Concludes that use of contracts and other behavioral strategies encouraged family members to use more effective means of communication. (Author)

Focuses on key issues in this critique of humanistic psychology and examines eight areas of investigation in an attempt to develop humanistic psychology as a serious alternative to the empty scientism it was founded to counteract. (Author/RK)