A behavior therapy program based on a self-control model of depression was evaluated against a nonspecific group therapy condition and a waiting list control group. Depressed volunteer female subjects (N=36) were randomly assigned to one of the three experimental conditions. Self-control subjects improved on specific measures of self-control…

Using a sample of 460 university students, multiple discriminant analysis indicates that of four variable sets (including perceptions of university goals, academic climate, academic environment, and academic alienation), perceptions of climate and feelings of alienation exert more influence on students' attachment to the university. (Editor/LBH)

Examines the connection of guilt and shame to three styles of parental control (inductive, affective, and coercive). Analysis of undergraduates' (N=270) completed questionnaires indicate connections between inductive control and guilt and between affective control and shame. The gender of the parent and the gender of the child were also…

The study of relationships between action control, motivation control, perceptions of course directions, and students' goals for 92 Australian undergraduates revealed different patterns for direction and effort and changing patterns from task on-set to off-set. Overall higher levels of effort and performance appear to require positive appraisals…

Investigated effects of age, gender, and peer social status on children's understanding of emotional regulation. Found that children would less openly express negative than positive emotions. Predictions of peer reactions to emotional expressions depended on type of emotion and expression. Girls anticipated more negative peer reactions than did…

Explored infants' responses to live and replay interactions with mothers and their own images. Found that to their mothers, infants decreased attention, length of first gazes, and smiling from initial live feedback to replay, and that responses to subsequent live feedback generally remained suppressed. Also found that infants did not show a…

The construct validity of scores on the Mathematics Assessment Questionnaire of 1,505 junior high school students was studied using 3-way multidimensional scaling analyses. Findings generally support validity and confirm that psychological constructs are differentially important to students' perceptions of instructional activity settings. (SLD)

Explores learning processes in 8th grade physics classrooms in Germany. Collects data with regard to cognitive, cognitive-emotional, and emotional variables. Shows that positive emotions are more important in acquisition than in practice, and anxieties play an ambiguous role in practice. Indicates that joy about learning is linked to successful…

Uses a discursive perspective to study the role of emotion in adults' mathematical thinking. Considers emotion to be distinct from thinking, but not separate from it. Adopts a provisional characterization of affect and emotion as "charges" on ideas. Uses the idea of positioning in social practices to analyze the context of a person's…

Observed 20-month olds' solitary play and collaborative play with their mothers. Found that child language and mothers' symbolic play influenced child collaborative play; child gender and mothers' verbal intelligence predicted child solitary play and influenced mothers' play; and mothers' physical affection influenced mothers' play. (BC)

Examines the patterns found in repair-work behavior (e.g., apologies, excuses) in Austrian German as they relate to situational variables and cultural themes, using data collected from university students during closed role-play situations. Findings reveal a complex interplay of situational variables informing the repair-work behavior. (46…

Proposes that looking at classroom experiences out of the corner of one's eye (both literally and figuratively) allows one to know some of the peripheral action, feelings, and results of "moments of passion." Notes that this perspective may be a more characteristic description of such moments than images produced by a straightforward…

Describes the development of a new sex role inventory, the Masculine-Feminine Personality Traits Scale, based on Bem's Sex Role Inventory and using Mexican sex role stereotypes. The instrument includes scales measuring assertive masculinity, affective femininity, aggressive masculinity, and submissive femininity. Results show expected response…

Analyzed longitudinal survey data for relationship between adolescent sexuality and adolescents' religious affiliation and participation among Detroit area families (N=916). Confirmed previous findings which showed strong correlation between religious involvement and adolescent sexual attitudes and behavior, i.e., religious adolescents had least…

Reviews important advances in the study of emotions in infants and the nature of emotional communication between infants and adults. Discusses the relationship of this communication system to children's development. (Author/BJV)