The author states that our present teaching methods tend to foster a common intellectual skill: thinking the world to pieces, and that while this skill is very essential, it is only half of understanding. Our planet functions not according to a program of technological reductionism, but as a gestalt, and we are in desperate need of perceiving it…

This book discusses use of computers in the educational environment and provides some basic concepts and principles for making use of computers in an educational system. Some computer applications in instruction, pupil and staff records processing, and management and administrative decisionmaking are suggested, and a curriculum for computer…

This study examines the relationship between organizational structure and elements of three social system processes: (1) input and output boundary exchanges, (2) system production, and (3) use of facilities. The specific system processes are enrollment planning and student placement, curriculum continuity, and use of physical and social…

The development of a single value revision indicator which would utilize learner performance data obtained from a pretest-posttest design to rank a set of instructional modules as to their relative need for revision is discussed. A set of procedures was developed in connection with the implementation of the Production, Implementation, Evaluation,…

The purpose of this paper is to call attention to the need for offering a vital program of career development education during the formative years of schooling and to describe a practical schema for building such a program in elementary schools. Many elementary educators lack the knowledge, attitudes, and skills needed to make career education a…

As part of the Career Options Research and Development (CORD) Project, Pilot B sought to develop curriculums for the training of paraprofessionals for the human services areas. The curriculum development process followed a systems approach and held to the belief that graduates of these new programs should possess both horizontal and vertical…

This report is intended to explain the steps followed in developing a particular curriculum, to state the problems encountered and their solutions, and to provide a general guide for others who wish to use a systems approach. The curriculum developed was to be used in training Federal law enforcement recruits. Using a systems approach, job data…

Utilizing a systematic sampling technique, the professional activities of small groups of pediatricians, family practitioners, surgeons, obstetricians, and internists were observed for 4 or 5 days by a medical student who checked a prearranged activity sheet every 30 seconds to: (1) identify those tasks and activities an assistant could be trained…

This paper attempts to clarify the vocabulary, issues, research findings, and direction of the development of counseling research up to the present. With changing times and dissatisfaction with counseling results and outcome research approaches, a more comprehensive and interactional view of counseling research and practice has developed. The…

A more unified approach to communication theory can evolve through systems modeling of information theory, communication modes, and mass media operations. Such systematic analysis proposes, as is the case care here, that information models be based upon combinations of energy changes and exchanges and changes in receiver systems. The mass media is…

In this collection of papers Harold G. Cassidy outlines the conceptual framework for the conference which is based on a systems approach to development of practical action programs in education. A basic model is presented as a basis for shifting from the post-crisis to the pre-crisis approach to curriculum development and educational…

The purpose of this annual report is to evaluate a demonstration project in vocational counseling for urban youth which is composed of four major elements: (1) a career orientation program for preadolescents, (2) a cooperative work experience program for students enrolled in vocational skill development at the secondary level, (3) a job placement…

Educators often fail to implement improved teaching systems because they lack a method of choosing among instructional alternatives. The Rand Coporation is developing for the Air Force a means--called Method of Designing Instructional Alternatives (MODIA)--whereby instructors can select a preferred instructional system. Using MODIA, one begins by…

The new data retrieval system for the social sciences which has recently been installed in the UNESCO Secretariat in Paris is described in this comprehensive report. The computerized system is designed to facilitate the existing storage systems in the circulation of information, data retrieval, and indexing services. Basically, this report…

In this presentation the outlines of a general systems model for education which may be of value in the areas of curriculum development, course design and teaching are offered. It is based on what is called the "Principle of Natural Organization" which is defined as follows: every form tends to articulate its elements into functional structures;…