Critically reviewed evidence relevant to hypotheses of biological sources of sex-related cognitive differences as they relate to mathematics achievement include the following: explanations based on the assumption of greater variability in male cognitive performance; sex-related differences in serum urate; effects of estrogens compared to androgens…

Unwed pregnancy in young women was conceptualized as a motivated goal interactively determined by both personality and situational factors. The primary behavioral correlate indicative of this predisposition is inadequate use of readily available birth control techniques (B.C.) for the sexually active female. In addition, sex frequency and the…

Described is Project Normalization, a 3-year demonstration project funded by the Canadian government to develop appropriate housing and supportive community services for severely physically disabled adults. Reviewed are the project's short term efforts to arrange for housing adaptation and community resources, as well as long term goals of policy…

This is a cross-sectional, descriptive study of the motivational profiles of 524 students from grade 7 through the freshman year in college. A new Motivation Inventory was administered to all students. This instrument measures six classes of needs referred to by Abraham Maslow as physiological, safety, love and belonging, esteem,…

This investigation was conducted to determine the effect of video-taped role modeling on patient-reported level of anxiety at the beginning of dental treatment and the long term effects of the modeling tape as evidenced by appointment cancellations and failure rate. Subjects completed the state portion of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)…

This study explores the effects of controlling influence attempts on social face and constructive conflict resolution. It also investigates the role of social face in how persons respond to evaluations by their peers. A sample of 90 college undergraduates randomly assigned to six conditions. The group's evaluation of the representative's relative…

This report provides information to the Department of Education, university trainers, school psychologists, district superintendents and legislators to assist in short- and long-range planning for the efficient delivery of school psychological services. Though specifically designed for use in South Carolina, the model could be used by any state…

This publication outlines the activities of the Office of Juvenile Justice since its creation. It also reports on the entire Federal effort in delinquency prevention and juvenile justice. An introductory section describes the history and purpose of the Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention Act of 1974 (Public Law 93-415). Other sections…

A series of five video-cassettes showing children from ages three to eight years was developed for use in an undergraduate developmental psychology course. Each cassette was viewed on an optional basis, with extra credit toward student's final grade awarded for viewing. Study guides accompanied each cassette. An evaluation of the effectiveness of…

Utilizing the conceptual framework of coping theory, 30 family care-givers of mentally ill family members were interviewed to determine the relationship between coping effectiveness and such variables as patient characteristics, factors of the care-givers life situation, and the availability and adequacy of community supports. Care-givers were…

The relationships between masculinity and femininity as measured by the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI), achievement conflicts (fear of success and fear of failure), and a variety of attitudes in men and women were examined in three survey studies. Contrary to Bem's suggestion that femininity in women serves to dampen independent and assertive…

Traditionally, rape has been defined as "carnal knowledge of a woman by force and against her will." The test of force has been crucial, and consent deduced. Victims were assumed to be consenting parties unless criminal circumstances could be proved. Victims were oftened questioned about past sexual behavior. Current reform efforts have attempted…

An attempt to operationally define depressive retardation in 72 inpatients aged 4-16 used two percept-genetic tests. In a serial visual afterimage (AI) test retardation was defined as a successive reduction of AI size, and in a serial tachistoscopic presentation using the meta-contrast technique (MCT) it was seen as stereotyped repetitions of…

Differences in the number and types of problems as well as in self-reported self-concept between 232 black and white pre- and postmenarcheal adolescents were examined in this study. The study also examined differences in these variables across four developmental levels of menarcheal status: initial, intermediate, middle, and established. These…

Two general explanatory models have been proposed to account for the emergence and quality of the inmate subculture. The deprivation model focuses upon the notion that correctional institutions are based upon coercion and that the institutional experience degrades and deprives the inmate. The inmates' adaptive response to these…