Eighty-two educable and trainable mentally retarded children (6-18 years old) judged whether a series of visual stimuli matched a standard. With each judgment the investigator verbalized "right" or "wrong" and then provided full feedback of cue similarities and differences that supported each judgment. Trained Ss exhibited total intradimensional…

Six diagnostic tasks of two choice discrimination skills were used to assess 32 hearing impaired/mentally handicapped adults residing in a state institution. Two tasks measured sign discrimination skill, two measured visual discrimination, and two measured motor discrimination. (Author)

Reports effects of context that are entirely perceptual. Visual discrimination was enhanced when line segments were flashed in a region that was perceived as a figure. Discrimination was substantially degraded when the same region was seen as ground although the physical stimulus remained identical throughout figure-ground reversals. (Author/JN)

Presents computational and psychophysical evidence in support of a theory of one of the earliest stages of visual processing in reading--the isolation of words in text. (HOD)

Investigated three-month-olds' abilities to discriminate and recognize smiling and frowning expressions of mothers and strangers. Discrimination and recognition occurred regardless of the adult who was involved; however, more infants discriminated the mothers' expressions than the strangers', and boys looked at their mothers' faces longer than did…

Explored the relationship among conceptual tempo, age, sex, and performance of preschool children on the visual association subtest of the Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities. (Author/DB)

High state-anxious subjects solved fewer problems than middle or low state-anxious subjects under no memory-aid conditions, and all anxiety groups performed comparably with memory aids. High state-anxious subjects tended to use less focusing strategy when memory aids were unavailable. (Author/CP)

Discusses research regarding the development of infants' smiling at, gazing at, and interest in faces. (Author/DB)

Investigated ability of young children to interpret aerial photographs and maps, sought age and/or cognitive development differences, and probed whether or not some environmental features were more consistently recognized than others. (Author/DB)

Infants were classified as high or low in differential vocal responsiveness (DVR), and tested for degree of response to stimulation by a stranger and to stimulation by their mothers. The infants' DVR classification was related to scores on the Stanford-Binet and the Illinois Test of Psycholinguistic Abilities. (Author/SS)

The holistic-discriminability model of object-space perception recognizes various classes of stimuli having different task requirements, with few assumptions. The alternative analytic model, contrary to Dykes and Cooper, is inadequate; it involves many assumptions, predicts only a limited set of data and makes some incorrect predictions.…

This article focuses on the mechanisms of the human brain whose function is vision. (SA)

Preschoolers learned colors more rapidly than sizes and forms when cup stimuli were used. They learned sizes and forms more rapidly than colors when face stimuli were used. (RL)

The article discusses the rationale for a program to develop efficiency in visual functioning for low vision individuals. Detailed identification of all visual functions necessary for maximum efficiency, along with specification of visual tasks related to developmental milestones are charted. (Author/PHR)

Ninety-eight participants from 5 age groups with mean ages of 6, 8, 10, 22, and 72 years were tested in a series of speeded number discriminations. Found that response time slope as a function of number size decreased with age for numbers in the 1-4 range. (MDM)