Relationship between Type A/B behavior patterns and motive of success avoidance in women was investigated. Type B women are concerned with antagonizing others as a result of succeeding more than Type A women. Type B women may be realistically appraising achievement situations, especially the costs of success through competition. (Author/RD)

After attending a lecture on misattribution in social reasoning, teachers were shown videotapes of children, whom they knew were acting out role of good and bad pupils. When asked to assess the children's real personalities and disregard the acted-out roles, the teachers still rated the "good" and "bad" pupils differently.…

Examines the use of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (Megargee typology) as a valid classification system in correctional decision making in a series of six articles. Most results urge caution in the use of the Megargee typology, finding poor test validity and test-retest reliability. (WAS)

Examined the usefulness of subtle personality scales in which test respondents are provided with knowledge and motivation to distort self-presentation. Results indicated that subtle scales were not superior when faking occurred. Scores under these faking conditions were less valid, failing to support the utility of disguised approaches. (Author)

Content analyzed four personality inventories, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, California Personality Inventory, and Edwards Personality Preference Schedule to determine whether each item in the four inventories contained situational, temporal, or comparative information. Wide differences appeared…

Temperament ratings of infants, toddlers, and preschool children were made by their parents and their all-day nursery school teachers to determine whether low parent-observer reliabilities previously reported may relate to differential experiences with children. Despite the teachers' extensive contact with these children, convergence coefficients…

The Realistic scale of the Vocational Preference Inventory (VPI) and the Realistic and Social scales of the Self Directed Search successfully differentiated the occupational groups. However, the VPI Social and Enterprising scales did not differentiate between men and women in the same occupation. (Author)

Control mothers reported stronger feelings of personal worth based on their perceptions of others' evaluations of them. Abusing mothers scored higher on feelings of social alienation. On the Self-Esteem scale, no significant differences were found between groups. (Author)

An evaluation of the degree of overlapping variance between self-estimated and actual personality factor scores found only minimal overlap between estimates and inventory. Counselors are cautioned not to use personality estimates as substitutes for actual inventory scores. (Author)

Gender differences in resistance to stress are not rooted in recognition of coercive elements, but in differences in responding to coercive elements. Type As are particularly sensitive to threats to personal control. The critical difference may be in the frequency rather than the intensity of the stress. (JAC)