This study, which used systematic desensitization (SD) behavior therapy to reduce anxieties associated with giving speeches, was based on the hypothesis that subjects given SD therapy five times in 1 week (massed training) would achieve greater reduction of communication anxiety than would subjects treated once a week for 5 weeks (spaced…

The author describes a counseling technique which: (1) is based upon behavior theory and treats acts and thoughts as operants, and anxiety as a respondent controlled by classical conditioning; (2) entails in vivo desensitization, requiring the construction of a hierarchy of anxiety-producing situations which can be enacted; (3) uses peer- or…

This study tests the contention that a reinforcing agent's manner of administering rewards and punishments is construed by his associates as revealing his margin of freedom, and that associates are more attentive to cues concerning a reinforcing agent's dispositional qualities, and more inclined to ingratiate themselves to him, when he employes…

Designed to be of help to classroom teachers who may not be trained in the application of operant conditioning methods to classroom behavior, this guide to behavior modification attempts to provide practical suggestions which have been validated in research studies. Contained in the guide are descriptions of some common elementary classroom…

The studies in section six (of a six part report on the assessment and treatment of deviant behavior in children)investigated questions generated by the application of the treatment model in the experimental class setting (EC 032 210). The first experiment, on attending behavior, was designed to measure the conditionability of attending behavior…

This study examines 1) the effects of teacher contingent and non-contingent (random) praise and/or attention on the classroom behavior of economically disadvantaged adolescents and 2) the effects of contingent praise on the non-target members of the classroom, and explores the length of time necessary to demonstrate significant changes in…

Learning Counseling, a special, small-group type of academically oriented counseling for underachieving high school students, counseled 819 students in the Pittsburgh Public schools during 1969-1971. Materials to train teachers to become Learning Counselors were developed: a manual, a series of video tapes, several casebooks, and 4 essays…

One of three documents in a series, the pamphlet presents an overview of the children's re-education center program in Tennessee. The program involves the application of behavior change principles to emotionally disturbed elementary school children with behavior problems while the children reside at the residential facility for an average duration…

This study explored two group treatments, humanistic and social modeling, in helping teachers to be more open and helpful in the classroom. Subjects were 42 volunteers from elementary schools who indicated a desire to become more open and helpful. Each of four groups met four times over a 9 day period for 1 1/2 hours. The modeling groups viewed a…

Fewer competencies should be used as the organizing structure for teacher education programs, since all relevant topics cannot be covered thoroughly anyway. One variant of an outcomes-focused approach to teacher education is an objectives-oriented strategy. The criterion is not what the teacher does but what happens to pupils as a consequence of…

This training manual is designed to instruct work supervisors and skills trainers of the hard-to-employ disadvantaged in the effective utilization of behavioral reinforcement principles for overcoming difficult, frequently encountered training problems. One of its primary focuses is how to train for job-required behavioral skills such as…

The purpose of this study was to conceptualize, design, and implement a training program to help teachers (1) to clarify and enlarge their perceptions of self as person and teacher, (2) develop skills in the process of problem solving and interpersonal communications, and (3) assume responsibility for themselves as learners and decision makers.…

A model's influence on the creative behavior of 120 fifth-grade children was studied in four variations. Separate groups observed a model who was either high or low in the fluency or flexibility creativity dimensions. Multivariate procedures were used to assess treatment effects upon children's fluency and flexibility measures collected on…

Female subjects in this study were induced to harm another person in an alleged "learning" study by administering aversive noise to a confederate-victim as she performed a problem-solving task. The subjects consisted of forty-six female undergraduates enrolled in Introductory Psychology at the University of Toronto. They were randomly assigned to…

This study investigated whether collaborative and socially sensitive behaviors, necessary in group problem solving, can be taught to emotionally disturbed children in residential treatment centers. The sample consisted of 180 males ranging in age from nine through 12 years in 12 residential centers. The children were required to perform a…