Three studies examined the ability of 8- and 9-year-olds and young adults to use sample monotonicity and diversity information according to the similarity-coverage model of category-based induction. Found that children's difficulty with this information was independent of category level, and may be based on preferences for other strategies…

A framework is presented for analyzing discourse during parent-child interaction about moral matters, using speech genres and registers. This analysis considers social, cultural, and historical influences on moral development and locates the origins of moral sensibilities and differences in moral functioning in the discourse parents and children…

Discusses the growth of educational institutions and the need for new paradigms of learning to keep pace with change. Topics include context; communication; the use and adoption of different technologies; shared knowledge; and the personal nature of the learning experience. (LRW)

This study evaluated the effectiveness of Prelinguistic Milieu Teaching for toddlers (n=39) with intellectual disabilities and responsivity education for their parents as a means of facilitating children's communication and language production skills. Comparison of parent child pairs receiving or not receiving the intervention found the…

The spontaneous expressive language abilities of 9 severely brain-injured children/adolescents and age- matched normal controls were examined over a 12-month period following injury. Subjects demonstrated improvement on the majority of measures, but only a few reached the level of their control subjects. Interindividual variability was…

This article demonstrates how individual differences in scripts are found in verbal reports of everyday activities as well as memory for new events, those commonly used in language placement. It is concluded from previous research that in any assessment not actively discouraging idiosyncrasies individual differences will naturally result. (PB)

Verbal think-aloud protocols were collected from 60 subjects in 3 age groups ranging from 25 through 81 years. Only 5 percent of the responses were considered wise when rated on the criteria of rich factual and procedural knowledge, lifespan contextualism, relativism, and the recognition and management of uncertainty. Wise responses were equally…

The child's psychosocial and physiological development are discussed in terms of a limiting environment and program expectations. Some factors to consider are (1) heredity and heritage; (2) experience; (3) maturation; (4) social transmission; and (5) equilibration. Sensitive educators must prepare the environment for the child, not for the…

Recounts events in history of psychology in United States focusing on science, practice, and politics. Uses three models of psychological science to explicate relative independence and divergent developmental courses of three domains. Argues that adherence to single paradigm within each domain has limited integration. Suggests that…

The paper presents an overview of 11 major models of individual learning styles comparing their elements, the populations for which they are appropriate, the reliability and validity of their instrumentation, and where they overlap and differ. (Author/DB)

Research on the Dunn and Dunn Learning Styles Model has been conducted at more than 60 institutions of higher education and at every academic and grade level. Explanations of the 21 elements, the model, some research findings, and beginning steps for practitioners are provided to encourage initial experimentation with some of its variables.…

Statistical significance and "abnormality" have been used as criteria for the evaluation of intra-individual subtest score differences. Shortcomings of these criteria are identified, and improved estimates of the true score differences are suggested. The applicability of the abnormality criterion to these improved estimates is reviewed.…

This paper discusses applications of intelligence tests in schools, considering Binet's original warnings that his tests were primarily useful for identifying students needing intervention and inappropriate for classifying normal students. American applications of Binet's work for ranking are seen as stages of shifting from remedial to custodial…

Central criticisms concerning the academic medicine community concern health care system complexity, integration of technological advancement, ethics, physician-client relationships, and the importance of the individual student. Medical education cannot solve the problems but can contribute to solutions by preparing students to engage them.…

Creative activities can enliven math classes and enhance student learning. Several suggestions are given for creating amusing word problems and lively drills. Included is a reproducible word problem sheet. (IAH)