Whether large-scale or small farms dominate, a county's farm structure is influenced not only by changes within farming but also by key factors such as nonfarm economic activity, geography, and population growth. Large-farm counties where agriculture dominates the economy are concentrated in the Plains, Midwest, and Mississippi Delta. Small-farm…

Testimony and prepared statements presented at a hearing before the Senate Subcommittee on Rural Economy and Family Farming focused on the concerns of rural small business. Witnesses included Senators from Montana, Illinois, New York, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Iowa, and nine representatives of business, state government,…

For a quarter of a century, the United States has been gradually losing market share in the European Community, which accounts for about one-fifth of world trade. The European Community consumes about one-fourth of United States exports, but this represents only about eight percent of its total imports. Three of the barriers contributing to…

The properties of institutional culture are identified, and the way cultural perspectives have been used to describe life in colleges and universities are examined. Seven sections cover the following: cultural perspectives (the warrant for the report, organizational rationality, the remaining sections); culture defined and described (toward a…

Every one of the 20 fastest-growing occupations, as listed by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, is in the service sector. Nearly all of the 15 million jobs that have been created since the November trough of the 1982 recession have been in the service sector. About half of these jobs pay at least $10 per hour, and those paying minimum wage or…

This paper addresses the problem of how to introduce new forms of evaluation into school organization without a damaging loss of trust. The evaluators here are teachers engaged in curriculum policy evaluation within the schools in which they work. One way of conceptualizing and rooting contemporary activity under the label of school…

This document examines trends in employment, earnings, and education requirements among major sectors, industries, and four detailed industry groups (high tech, business services, health services, and eating and drinking establishments) in the United States. Trends show that the service sector, particularly in business and health services, are…

Well-planned, cooperative efforts to develop positive attitudes can generate improved school climate and improved student performance, as illustrated by the experience of the Duval County (Florida) Public Schools. The district's marketing efforts focus on progress reporting and performance recognition both internally and externally. Among the…

This study examined the causes of teacher stress and the stress management techniques that are available. An annotated bibliography of research reports on the causes and management of stress focuses upon the areas of the classroom, the school organization, and individual and personal factors. The purpose of the study was to present evidence…

Bad or low morale exists wherever people are dissatisfied with themselves in relation to their environment. In recent years, there is evidence that declining morale has become a problem of national proportions in education. Dwindling enrollments and funding, a changing student body, and curricular adjustments, compounded by the inability of…

A study examined the relationships between (1) employee job performance and organizational relationships, (2) employee job performance and communication processes, (3) organizational relationships and communication processes, and (4) task characteristics and structural characteristics. Data were gathered from approximately 200 employees of a state…

A secondary analysis of data gathered by the International Communication Association (ICA) Communication Audit was used to test the hypothesis that the smaller the discrepancy between attitudes about current levels of information and the perceived ideal level of that information, the greater the organizational satisfaction. From 991 respondents…

The Institutional Racism Scale (IRS) was developed to assess how individuals look at racism, engage in activities to reduce racism, and view organizational commitment to the reduction of institutional racism. Existing methods for evaluating racism provided a framework for developing the scale. The final instrument generated after testing and…

This leader's guide is designed for units 2 and 3 of the Nebraska 4-H Energy Project. The goals of the project are to: (1) help young people understand energy problems related to life styles; (2) use energy resources carefully; (3) guide members in choosing their own energy alternatives; and (4) to enjoy together the challenges and creativity of…

This activity and record book is designed for unit 1 (ages 9-11) of the Nebraska 4-H Energy Project. In this project, members are required to: (1) use energy wisely by closing doors and turning off lights; (2) inspecting homes for energy use at least once; (3) judging the best use of lighting in a home; (4) sharing ideas about energy use in a…