The cognitive processes through which college presidents make inferences and learn may bias their judgments under uncertain conditions. Data indicate that these biases may cause them to overestimate their own effectiveness. Leadership is in part a social attribution used by leaders and by followers to explain unusual organizational processes.…

Analyzed data comparing women white-collar workers in 1957 (N=258) and 1976 (N=372) on the basis of decline in job satisfaction, and the effects of sex-segregation of occupation on this decline. Results indicated that decline in job satisfaction, especially affiliation and achievement, was greater for women in sex-segregated occupations. (LLL)

Two possible uses of technology for industrial training, one involving traditional instruction with extensive use of computers in groups of varying size and the other providing an instantaneous online training and information system on the production line, are suggested as illustrations of the potential for advanced telecommunications applications…

This article updates evidence on the returns to investment in education by adding estimates for new countries and refining existing estimates to bring the total number of country cases to over 60. Evidence reinforces earlier patterns, namely, that returns are highest for primary education, the general curricula, the education of women, and…

A library automation plan must not only produce an optimum system, but prepare staff, institution, and clientele for far-reaching change. This change can be accommodated by a functional model consisting of three phases: organization and overview; project expansion; project consolidation and preparation of system plan. Twenty-eight references are…

Data from this empirical study support belief that managers of high users of information give more encouragement for information use. Most important forms of influence are encouragement of interpersonal contacts outside organization, and personal interest in specific pieces of information (as shown in routings, personal example, and assignments).…

Presents results of a socioeconomic survey and census of "spontaneously settled" Zairean and Angolan refugees in the Northwestern Province of Zambia. Finds refugees' difficulties to be caused by lack of a clear national policy and negative attitudes toward them, as well as Zambia's own deteriorating economic situation. (GC)

Presents results of managerial rotation program (librarians take turns on two-year cycle serving as department head) in medium-sized academic library reference department. An assessment of both the advantages and disadvantages of such a plan examines impact of this innovative and collegial management technique on staff, library, and patrons. (7…

The fundamental contention of this article is that the institutional environment encompassing a worker's career origins has important and long-lasting effects on subsequent career developments. Empirically, the author demonstrates that industry of first job after school is a significant and strong predictor of earnings and occupational status for…

Describes the structural aspects of trainers' careers, their development as trainers, their development of meta skills and the time period they spend in training; relates this to the career concepts individual trainers have and how this can influence and be influenced by the role the training function performs; and points out implications for…

The university is different from other organizations in that: (1) internally, it is oriented toward regulation of conflict between competing self-sufficient units (faculty and departments) acting rationally; and (2) externally, it is oriented toward maintenance of the legitimacy of academic work. This has implications for organizational policy and…

Reports results of two-phase study of size and composition of U.S. online database production organizations. Comparison of 1982 and 1984 data for online database producers to determine number of personnel employed in intellectual production of databases permitted identification of employment trends, which forms focus of discussion. (6 references)…

Case Studies of two schools were analyzed and compared to indicate the impact on consultation processes exerted by organizational characteristics. Sensitivity to organizational factors may be an important determinant of success in school-based consultation. (DWH)

Presents comparative survey of development of national information infrastructures and formulation of national information policy in India and China. Highlights include influence of foreign models, library and information work traditions, indigenous development, existing organizational structures for scientific and technological information, and…

This discussion of issues to be considered in setting up an efficient computer classroom focuses on the selection, preparation, and furnishing of facilities intended for instructional use: selection and room preparation; power, lighting, and telecommunication; avoidance of equipment problems; and furniture selection. (11 references) (MBR)