In order to examine the conditions that determine when intergroup cooperation will result in increased intergroup attraction, a group of 494 male and female undergraduate students was divided into task groups consisting of eight to twelve individuals. In the first phase of the study, groups were led to believe that they were either competing,…

Successful psychotherapy is characterized by a sense of vital intensity and personal intimacy between client and therapist. Current theory and research have left this level of interpersonal contact untouched. The hypothesis is advanced that the intensity and intimacy of interpersonal contact supplies the motivation which allows the patient to make…

Attempting to examine the role of the principal in the change process, the writer applies interactional analysis to the principalship and other levels of leadership as a tool to help develop a climate for change. (Editor)

Children's activities with their mothers and the techniques used by mothers while interacting with their child were examined in older (30-46 month) and younger (12-27 month) low socioeconomic status preschool children from high risk (in terms of cultural-familial retardation) and contrast homes. (JMB)

Observational data collected in the homes of 17 abuse, 17 neglect, and 19 control families indicated that abusive and neglectful parents demonstrated lower rates of interaction overall and were more likely to emphasize the negative in their relationships with their children. (JMB)

Twenty-two mothers whose physiologic responses to infant signals had been recorded at an earlier date were videotaped with their infants during a feeding session when the infant was 9 months of age. Infants' development of the object concept was assessed at 15 months. (JMB)

Using 144 high school physics classes as units of analysis, class means on a battery of 57 variables were factored in three different factor sets. Each set included three main factors which could be identified roughly as achievement, affect, and group structure. Results gave further credibility to Bales' work. (Author/KR)

Examines the effects of adult nurturance and nurturance withdrawal on the behavior of kindergarten and second grade children. Adult-child interactions and consistency in adult behaviors were also examined. (BD/BR)

Tests predictions concerning the effectiveness of four different strategies for teaching 3-to 4-year-old children how to master a difficult construction task. Subjects were 32 preschool children. ( BD)

Crisis theory suggests that the major sign of organizational crisis is progressively rising tension, which results in emergency efforts to mobilize tension-reducing sources. A case study of an organizational crisis is presented to illustrate the applicability of crisis theory to an organization. Suggestions for interventions are offered. (Author)

A simple test is described that has proven highly effective when used by married couples. It can be self-administered. Couples who use it can learn a great deal about their relationship and do so in terms of positive insights which they can then use to promote mutual growth. (Author)

This review examines published research on small-group development done in the last ten years that would constitute an empirical test of Tuckman's hypothesis that groups go through the stages of "forming,""storming,""norming," and "performing." A fifth stage, "adjourning," was added to the…

Discusses a study dealing with English, Northern Italian and Southern Italian encoders role-playing specific emotions and degrees of two dimensions of emotion, and presents evidence suggesting that for neither the English nor the Italians, do hand gestures and other bodily cues function as a major communication channel for emotion. Available from:…

Develops a working model of the communication process which corresponds to the ego states of transactional analysis and attempts to discern effects of personality systems on the encoding and decoding process of individuals. (MH)

Provides research data supporting the hypothesis that communication apprehension is negatively related to the amount of self-disclosure. (MH)