This study analyzed the growing body of research on self regulation and the distinctive self regulation differences between higher and lower achieving adult learners to identify instructional principles to infuse compensatory support for weak self regulation. The following four principles are proposed: (1) prepare--the instruction should encourage…

Aptitude by treatment interactions are investigated in the context of paired associate learning. Individuals are grouped by preference for visual or verbal items on classifying lists of paired associates and these groups are used to predict performance on criterion lists. (DG)

A plan that incorporates diagnostic teaching, unit planning, and flexible grouping is described. It takes into account individual differences, the mathematics curriculum, and time available. Planning for the year, grouping, management, evaluation, and students' awareness are discussed. (MNS)

A study examined the effects of two factors--learner ability and modifications of instruction through increased feedback and reduced size of instructional units--on the time required for learning and the retention of fourth-grade male students. While instructional modifications best predicted the time needed for learning, learner ability best…

A number of theories have been developed to explain individual differences in cognition. This paper explicates the Psychological Differentiation theory of Herbert Witkin and relates behaviors characteristic of his field-independent and field-dependent dimensions to artistic behaviors. Implications for research on artistic development are derived…

Investigated behavioral differences between high- and low-achieveing inner-city children (N=136) using the academic engaged time model. Findings suggested that high- and low-achieving inner-city children spend a large proportion of time engaged in academic tasks, with high achievers spending somewhat more time than low achievers. (WAS)

To assess the influence of personal and environmental factors on the composition of children's networks and the relative amounts and use of time spent with people of various ages, sexes, and roles, 72 Swedish children between the ages of 8 and 11 replied to interview questions about their family members, relatives, friends, and the nonrelative…

Differences in attitudes toward algebra and general mathematics among ninth-grade students were measured to determine both individual personality variables and attitudes toward the learning environment. Students in the upper and lower tracks shared many personal attitudes, but differed in their views of classroom adequacy. (Authors/PP)

The rationale behind Public Law 94-142, which pertains to education of handicapped children, is presented. Key terms such as mainstreaming, least restrictive environment, zero reject, most appropriate placement, and individualized education are discussed to clarify their significance for educators. (PP)

Cognitive control over impulsive behavior on a Luria-type task was examined for 165 middle- and lower-socioeconomic status (SES) children in nursery school and first grade. Specific impulse control problems were found for both middle- and lower-SES children in nursery school. By first grade, only the lower-SES children continued to exhibit this…

Investigated possible reflections of teachers' locus of control in their professional attributions in educational situations. Findings based on a random sample of 190 elementary school teachers point to significant differences between high and low scores on the I.E. Scale (Rotter, 1966) in attribution of responsibility in several educational…

Investigated the effects of individual difference variables of field dependence/independence and spatial visualization ability on the performance of college students in three modes. The extent to which four variables account for variability in retention test performance on certain tasks was also viewed. (MP)

A case study approach was taken to determine the degree to which teachers, enrolled in a graduate methods class in language arts and reading, comprehended new theories and applied them in their classrooms. Results indicated that there were broad differences in teacher behavior. Approaches to be taken in changing teacher behavior are discussed. (JN)

Discusses some of the ways reading instructors have responded to individual differences in children. Methods described include grouping for instruction, self-selected reading, language-experience reading, individualized instruction, skill development, and computer-assisted instruction. The teacher's role is discussed. (Author/DB)

The author describes five models of educational systems: elitist; occupational; open-access; horizontal; and atomistic, or informal. He then describes the type of society into which each system would fit best, using examples of higher education systems both in the United States and in other countries. (KC)