Examines processes that maintain stability in educational organizations and the reaction of those stabilizing forces to educational innovations. Suggests that the success of innovations for school improvement depends on the development of (1) instruction-related executive functions; (2) collegial teaching units; (3) continuous staff development;…

Describes the emergence of the Quality of Working Life (QWL) approach to work organization. Discusses the benefits that may be gained by implementing this approach in education, for example in the areas of labor management negotiations, stress management, and staff development. (GC)

First- and second-year medical students' and faculty's perceptions of the relative importance of 28 output and support goals of medical schools showed substantial differences in the groups. Students usually assigned higher ratings than faculty. Students felt the university placed more emphasis on student-related goals than did faculty. (MSE)

A study was conducted to determine what types of jobs youth are most likely to accept and to distinguish whether the characteristics and backgrounds of young people influence their reservation wages for given jobs. (Author/CT)

Studied changes in college students' perceptions of college environment after 4, 10, and 14 years. Findings indicated freshmen intensified the strength of their perceptions concerning academic excellence after four years. Trends showed a shift to the conservatism of the past with a renewed interest in scholarship. (Author)

Uses a sample of 34 beginning secondary school teachers in Australia to obtain data on their perceptions of the relationship between five dimensions of school environment (affiliation, professional interest, achievement orientation, formalization, and innovativeness) and five dimensions of classroom environment (personalization, participation,…

The author discusses a number of important factors having a bearing on the new requirements of workers' education. They include the expansion of workers' interests and trade unions' responsibilities, the expansion of collective bargaining, a movement toward effective tripartism, and the incorporation of rural workers into unions. (CT)

Compares fraternity (N=446) and sorority (N=325) members' perceptions of their house environment. Indicated significant differences on five of the 10 subscales of the University Residence Environment Scale. Data indicated fraternity members perceived their houses as higher on competitiveness, self-governance, and innovation but lower on…

The frustrations of college and university presidents, it is suggested, reflect a crisis in the idea of academic leadership. Rapid presidential burnout is attributed to the selection process, with the price for consensus being the wrong kind of leadership, and to conflicting and ambiguous demands and expectations. (MLW)

Uses a sociological perspective to examine the factors that produce conflict between researchers and practitioners in art education. The factors have resulted from the ways that the disciplines and professions are organized. They produce conflict about research and practice components and conflict about professional education. (AM)

The author suggests that the creative artist is both inheritor of an historically determined consciousness and creator of a new consciousness. He then sketches out how social, political, economic, and psychological factors affected art and literary styles in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. (KC)

Dental administrators, it is suggested, must examine their internal organizational operations and begin to refine their management techniques in order to adhere to current resource limits. Basic requirements of a management system allowing dental schools to increase operating efficiency are outlined. (Author/MLW)

Studies indicate that employees experience increased equity, respect, and job satisfaction when able to assume more responsibility for work processes. The new work structures resulting from organizational change often necessitate new employee attitudes, knowledge, and skills as well as new management techniques. Integrated training programs are…

Explanations for the inferior socioeconomic status of Blacks are examined and strategies for improving the status of Blacks are discussed. It is concluded that changes in the distribution of wealth will require changes in the structure of the economic system itself. (Author/MC)

Using as a case study an attempted change in student evaluation and reporting procedures in a junior high school, this paper proposes an analytic framework that identifies specific organizational features which impede the innovation process. (SJL)