A study of student leadership experiences at three women's colleges is described, and its implications for leadership in coeducational settings are examined. A brief review of research on women and leadership in college looks at women students' under representation in leadership roles, some reasons for this situation, female students' self esteem,…

Based on official reports, newspapers, the memories of citizens, and historical studies, a description of Gary, Indiana during the Great Depression shows how many people in Gary were affected by the Depression. Gary began to grow rapidly beginning in 1906 with the organization of two steel companies. Black, European, and Mexican immigrants came to…

Findings of a study that examined the relationship between school climate and student persistence are presented in this paper. Two surveys were administered to teachers and students at 10 Austin, Texas, high schools. Three factors of school climate were investigated--teachers as professionals, goals for student learning, and school discipline and…

This paper addresses issues and the viability of applying participatory management (PM) to education, with focus on Total Quality Management (TQM). Following a description of PM techniques with an TQM focus and a historical overview of Deming's management theory, four stages of team growth experienced during the implementation process are…

This document presents findings of a study that investigated the roles and functions of school-personnel administrators in the United States and Canada. Surveys were mailed to four groups--Canadian school district superintendents, county office of education superintendents, superintendents of educational service agencies, and American school…

This case study presents findings of a year-long ethnographic study of a principal of a suburban elementary school. It concludes one of seven studies conducted in elementary and intermediate schools in urban, suburban, and rural settings that investigated the instructional management role of principals. Data collection involved hundreds of hours…

This paper reports on the restructuring efforts and activities undertaken in Virginia Beach from 1991 to 1994. The district has begun a massive effort to downsize, reorganize, and restructure the organization to focus on shared decision making and student performance. A special effort has been made to build coalitions among employees, with the…

Preliminary findings from two studies in progress on women and visible minorities in Canadian public and educational administration are presented in this paper, which focuses on the impact of tokenism resulting from differential expectations and their influence on the organizational socialization of managers. Primary data were derived from…

This book presents a comprehensive analysis of four distinct cultures in higher education (collegial, managerial, developmental, and negotiating) to show how the image, traditions, and character of institutions are shaped by the four cultures interacting within them. Chapter One presents an overview of the concept of organizational culture and…

This study reflects a synthesis of a number of interrelated activities that have been performed by the Army Family Research Plan family adaptation research group over 3 years. These activities have included literature reviews, model development, primary and secondary analysis of available datasets and expert/user consultations, as well as field…

Focusing primarily on the role of educational leaders, this document analyzes what makes a difference in school learning. After a brief review of literature on the relationship between administrative leadership and student learning, aspects of the Far West Laboratory Instructional Leadership Model (the FWL model) used in the current analyses are…

Principals can influence instruction by working through the linkages that govern teacher behavior. What these linkages are, how they affect instruction, and the impact of the principal on them are the focus of this paper. Two kinds of linkages are distinguished: bureaucratic and cultural. An explantation of both, with particular attention to…

Salary and fringe benefit data for faculty and administrators at California state postsecondary institutions are examined, along with economic conditions and comparative salary data. To provide an indication of economic trends during 1976-1981, data are presented on five major economic indicators. Dollar and percentage increases in compensation…

Taken from a computer search of the ERIC system, 1975 through August 1983, this selected, annotated bibliography contains several hundred citations related to conflict. The entries are arranged according to the following sections: communication (thought transfer), decision making, human relations, interpersonal relationships, organizational…

Instructionally, schools tend to be "weakly normed" organizational systems in which teachers bring relatively little pressure upon each other to change and/or improve their classroom performance. Because teachers tolerate a wide range of behavior among their colleagues and are reluctant to offer criticism of each other, those responsibile for…