A theory of occupational socialization was developed and tested with a sample of teachers and school administrators. Socialization within and organizational setting is presented as a power process in which the 'significant other' is the person having the greatest ability to control organizational sanctions." (Author/SE)

Techniques teachers use to gain influence in their work places were examined. Techniques of employee influence appeared to fall into categories according to the way that they provide or deny legitimacy to the organization's formal and informal rules or to its administrators. (CJ)

Provides a theoretical and philosophical overview of humanistic psychology which emphasizes self-concept, self-fulfillment, and self-realization. Discusses the contributions of phenomenology, existential psychology, and the strengths of humanistic psychology. (JAC)

Interviews and observations at the Children's Center, a Bronx (New York) psychiatric hospital, yielded data about the effects on individual power of network relations at the individual and work-unit levels. Regression analysis indicates individuals' participation in work units that are integrated into organization-wide networks enhances individual…

Six theoretical positions on human learning are identified as relevant to the development of self-direction: modeling; reinforcement; curiosity motivation; competency motivation; attribution theory and personal causation; and humanism. Four approaches to educational practice associated with self-direction are identified: experimental learning;…

Interviewed married couples (N=30) concerning strategies each spouse used to resolve conflicts. Findings show that husbands win most conflicts regardless of the strategies they or their wives employ. Suggests general background factors of the marriage shape outcomes but the process by which they are translated into outcomes is unclear. (Author)

A study of randomly selected faculty at Tennessee's public community colleges concluded: 50.8 percent of respondents favor collective bargaining, sense of power is negatively correlated with attitudes toward collective bargaining, and five demographic variables (political opinion, religion, race, sex, organizational membership) are significantly…

A changing society makes new demands on leaders and on the organizations they design and manage. Recent social science research has clarified some of the relationships among power, power-sharing, and effective leadership and has indicated that power attached to a wide variety of organizational positions can enhance the organization's productive…

Groups (N=62) of four members each used a multiple role-playing technique under three conditions: majority rule, unanimity rule, or no assigned decision rule. Results suggested that assignment of a majority rule has greater potential for reducing power inequalities. Discusses changes in members' self-perceived power. (Author/RC)

Discusses varying philosophies on the nature of being human and the question of freedom v determinism. This leads to a consideration of the decision-making responsibility and self-knowledge needed by the adult learner and the similar qualities required of the adult counselor/facilitator in working with adult students. (MF)

Two studies are discussed which represent alternate hypotheses pertaining to classroom seating position and its relationship to grade in the course. The experiment described here attempts to disentangle the environmental and self-selection explanations for the two previous studies. (SA)

A research study examined whether the locus of control orientation of high school and junior high school students could be modified through the incorporation of prescribed activities within the routine of the regular classroom. (JN)

An information feedback model and an ideology of evaluation are posed and contrasted with experiences in evaluation research. Impact on policy is the criterion for success of an evaluation and political constraints block this impact. Some ways social researchers might conceptualize and construct an appropriate base of power are considered.…

Learned helplessness is a state of passivity and loss of persistence resulting from individuals' perceptions, over a period of time, that they cannot control outcomes of events nor can their efforts lead to attainment of goals. Research studies are reviewed and implications for the study of learning disabilities are evaluated. (MH)

The author questions the value of practice teaching, asserting that student teachers occupy a marginal position within the school, having neither the authority nor the knowledge of group rituals needed to legitimatize them in that community. Experiencing such marginality can be stressful and deflating to the self-concept. (SJL)