Underlying the dramatic surge in Black middle class development during the 1960s were significant changes in Black mobility patterns. An increasing proportion of Black males inherited their fathers' middle class positions. In contrast, White males experienced only very slight shifts in mobility patterns during the same period. (Author/RLV)

This article opens with definitions of culturally responsive counseling and middle-class status, continues with a discussion of African American cultural values, explores identity issues and intra-racial stressors, and provides culturally responsive recommendations for working effectively with middle-class African American adolescents. (Contains…

Analyzes "The Italian" (1915), an early "immigrant" film, examining its problematic relation to questions of working-class and middle-class audience composition. Shows how this film reveals that the creation of narratives suitable for diverse audiences requires continuous readjustment of an adequate mode of address. (MM)

Three studies involving 391 children aged 3 to 8 years suggest that, by age 3 or 4, children from middle-class and lower middle-class backgrounds seem to appreciate the homogeneous structure of substances and that their ideas about substances form a rather coherent belief system. (SLD)

An attempt is made to opine on the vexation of class. Nick Tingle admired the article "Inventing the University" and found it vexing and used his vexation with inventing as a catalyst for rumination on his social trajectory, which is intimately related to his passage from the working to the middle class.

Various kinds of learning disabilities confronted by Andrea Loewenstein in her school days are mentioned. These days there are learning disabilities of various kinds, though they are reserved for middle-class children, special provisions involving extra time and help are mandated.

Objective: To examine attitudes, conflicts, images, circumstances, and time-period effects associated with corporal punishment and other forms of adult-to-child violence during the early 20th century in the United States. Method: A sample of 147 letters, referencing corporal punishment and dating from 1924 to 1939, were analyzed using both…

This article attempts to provide some transparency with regard to how the intersection of race and class negatively affects African Americans in their effort to fight for social justice with regard to classism. Based on the explicit historical attempt to definitively make race and class synonymous, such a manufactured intersection is powerfully…

Maternal elaboration and autonomy support during reminiscing facilitate middle-class children's autobiographical narrative skills. In this study, low-income Hispanic, White, and Black mothers' elaboration and autonomy support in reminiscing were examined in relation to children's joint and independent autobiographical narratives and engagement.…

According to Tschannen-Moran, "Principals and teachers need to build trusting relationships with students and parents in order to accomplish their essential goal of fostering student achievement and equipping students for citizenship." In the context of organizational trust, this study explored such relationships with six, middle-class…

Government programs currently mandate direct parental input in school governance. In comparing the actions of low-income Latino parents with those of middle-income White and Asian parents within the context of school governance, we found that although both groups actively sought and achieved reforms in order to improve their children's education,…

PRIMARILY AN OVERVIEW AND ANALYSIS OF RESEARCH ON CHILD-REARING AND FAMILY LIFE PATTERNS, THIS BOOK FOCUSES ON THE LIFE OF THE VERY POOR AND COMPARES THEIR LIFE PATTERNS AND PRACTICES WITH THOSE OF MIDDLE-CLASS FAMILIES. THE TWO SETS OF PATTERNS ARE ANALYZED UNDER FIVE HEADINGS--MENTAL HEALTH, EDUCATION, "MORAL" CHARACTER, SOCIAL ACCEPTABILITY,…

THE ABILITY OF AMERICANS TO COMMUNICATE EFFECTIVELY ACROSS SOCIAL CLASS LINES IS BASIC TO ANY EFFORTS FOR SOCIAL CHANGE. A STUDY OF THE SOCIAL BACKGROUND OF EDUCATION STUDENTS SOUGHT TO DETERMINE WHETHER THERE IS A TREND TOWARD A DISTRIBUTION WHICH MATCHES THAT OF THE POPULATION AT LARGE, AND WHETHER THE SUPPLY OF TEACHERS FROM LOWER SOCIAL…

This study investigated children's sex biased attitudes as a function of the sex, age, and race of the child as well as a geographical-SES factor. Two attitudes were measured on a 55-item questionnaire: Sex Pride (attributing positive characteristics to a child of the same sex) and Sex Prejudice (attributing negative characteristics to a child of…

Tracing the life of Sir Cyril Norwood, one of England's most prominent and influential educators, this book investigates the historical development of secondary education in England and Wales during the early twentieth century. During this time, an enduring ideal of secondary education associated with Sir Cyril Norwood became dominant. This was…