Memory for traumatic events and their most distressing moments (hotspots) are typically examined in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) using retrospective memory reports for the index trauma. Effects of PTSD symptoms on memory for new (post-trauma) events and their hotspots have received less attention. Here we used a prospective,…

Background: Children of African asylum seekers are a growing population in the Western world. Many of them who live in extreme social exclusion experience social alienation and powerlessness. Based on the assumption that the unique relationships between mentors and mentees can increase well-being, more in depth data on the perspectives of the…

Answering questions completely, accurately and honestly is not always the top priority for survey respondents. How might researchers motivate respondents to be more conscientious? One possibility is to elicit agreement from respondents to work hard and provide complete and accurate information. In their pioneering work in the 1970s and 80s,…

This review aimed to assess the quality and content of recommendations for delivering an autism diagnosis, published internationally within clinical practice guidelines. Seventeen relevant guidelines were identified. When methodological information was provided, recommendations for feedback were predominantly formed through consensus.…

We tested a novel extension to mailed invitations to a web-push survey, using a postcard invitation to deliver a scratch-off giftcode incentive similar to an instant-win lottery ticket. Scratch-off postcards were included as one of five conditions in randomized survey experiment varying two mailing types (letter and postcard) and three incentive…

The purpose of this study was to explore teachers' experiences of student mental health concerns (SMHC) in the classroom. In this consensual qualitative research (CQR) study, we explored 12 teachers' experiences related to their SMHCs in the classroom. Five domains emerged from this CQR study: (1) "Teachers' Responses to Student Mental Health…

In three experiments, we sought to understand when and why people use an algorithm decision aid. Distinct from recent approaches, we explicitly enumerate the algorithm's accuracy while also providing summary feedback and training that allowed participants to assess their own skills. Our results highlight that such direct performance comparisons…

The presence of rapid guessing (RG) presents a challenge to practitioners in obtaining accurate estimates of measurement properties and examinee ability. In response to this concern, researchers have utilized response times as a proxy of RG and have attempted to improve parameter estimation accuracy by filtering RG responses using popular scoring…

Students' engagement in assessment is theoretically and empirically supported to increase their learning outcomes, but the assessment knowledge and skills they need to actively engage in assessment remain poorly understood. We used a scoping review method to inform the screening and selection of literature, with 98 included in the analysis.…

Emotional eating is the act of eating to cope with stress and pressure, and it is assumed that this behavior increases as the level of self-control decreases. Several factors, including anxiety about winning and fear of injury, can cause stress in athletes. An athlete's high mental toughness is closely related to their ability to easily cope with…

Purpose: The spectral powers of the modulations of vocal fundamental frequency (f[subscript o]) less than 3 Hz (low-frequency power, LFP) and between 3 and 8 Hz (middle-frequency power, MFP) had been established to indicate the audiovocal feedback status and vocal efficiency of a speaker, and a resonant voice may enhance the auditory-vocal…

Feedback remains a fundamental and challenging aspect of higher education policy and practice. Increasingly research has sought to understand how to more effectively develop students' feedback literacy in order to improve individuals' engagement with assessment feedback. To date, work within this area has been underpinned by cognitive and…

The context in which learning takes place, or learning environment, is pivotal to a positive learning experience for students. Although numerous studies have established strong links between a positive learning environment and a range of student outcomes, far less research has examined how teachers might establish such an environment. Amidst…

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to highlight the ways in which reactive researcher collaboration helps to manage some of the challenges present in insider research. Design/methodology/approach: Employing (auto)biographical reflections from across two different case-studies, the authors explore the ways in which reactive collaboration is…

The focus of this paper is on the empirical relationship between item difficulty and item discrimination. Two studies--an empirical investigation and a simulation study--were conducted to examine the association between item difficulty and item discrimination under classical test theory and item response theory (IRT), and the effects of the…