Changing a health behavior and maintaining a positive change can be very difficult. This study examined attributions for health behavior change by using retrospective reports to elicit college students' (N=466) current views of successes and failures at adopting health promoting behaviors. In completing the Health Behavior Questionnaire, 229…

Although gifted children have been the subject of investigation for 60 years, little information is available on gifted adults, particularly in regard to life satisfaction. To investigate life satisfaction in adults who as children were labeled as gifted, 298 adults, with a mean age of 27, completed a Likert-type instrument measuring degree of…

This book contains practical information on creating a positive work climate within an organization. Twenty separate characteristics of successful "climate creators" are discussed. Information is also included on: (1) climate; (2) climate creators; (3) dynamic characteristics of climate creators; (4) the challenge of creating a positive climate;…

Learned helplessness often precedes depression. The elderly are more likely than the general population to be faced with uncontrollable events which may bring on learned helplessness. Intervention by gerontological counselors has been useful in reducing effects of helplessness. With pseudohelplessness, persons act helpless in order to control…

Mentally retarded people may be particularly vulnerable to depression and related emotional disturbances due to limited social skills, lack of friends, and negative self-esteem. A therapy group for depressed retarded clients provided an opportunity to collect information about depression in retarded individuals and to evaluate various treatment…

Little attention has been directed to the use of power in dating realtionships. Recently, however, emphasis has shifted to studying dyadic processes, e.g., social exchange, self-disclosure, and the use of power, in relation to interpersonal relationships. To determine: (1) whether sex or sex role is a better predictor of power tactics in a dating…

An attempt to measure responsibility for the effects of careful or careless driving involved the development of a scale for driving locus of control (DLOC). An early version of the DLOC was given to 43 college students. Preliminary results indicated that test-retest reliability and internal consistency were high enough to warrant further…

Pending legislation would allow those tribes, who have had their civil and criminal jurisdictional powers taken without their consent, to regain those powers if the tribes so desired. (AH)

American Indians are now at the stage where, if they wish to maintain and further advances they have made, they must force the government to clarify its policies, to streamline its programs, and to deal honestly with all Indian communities. (KM)

An alternative operationalization of perceived marital power is proposed. Four types of power structure are identified and described: equalitarian marriages, husband dominated marriages, wife dominated marriages and marriages with differently perceived power structures. Two other variables (spouses' influence techniques and the use of physical…

Theodore Sizer is author of "Places for Learning, Places for Joy" and headmaster at Phillips Academy. Earlier, he was dean of the Faculty of Education at Harvard. (IRT)

Efforts to understand mediating and maintaining factors associated with dysfunction of alcoholics have produced competing explanations and conflicting, overlapping constructs. To clarify the relationship between mental health and attributional patterns among women, the attributional patterns of alcoholic, depressed, and control females in response…

Psychological training programs developed and implemented for gymnasts of a wide range of age and varying ability levels are examined. The programs utilized strategies based on cognitive-behavioral intervention. The approach contends that mental training plays a crucial role in maximizing performance for most gymnasts. The object of the training…

Efforts to identify the relative potencies of the domains which determine adolescent life satisfaction suggest a condition that differentially potentiates a domain's ability to account for life satisfaction, i.e., father absence. High School students (N=778) completed the Life Satisfaction Chart and indicated their satisfaction with family,…

The notion that life stresses and personality have an interactive role in illness is part of the wisdom of the ages. Most past research has studied either life stresses or personality. A model for understanding health/illness status is presented that includes stressful life events and the resistance resources of personality, social supports,…