Noting that little is known about how the social environment affects academic achievement among groups of students, this study examined the associations among substance use, violent/delinquent behavior, and academic achievement in groups of middle and high school students. Data sources for middle school students were the 1998 Washington State…

This study identified preservice teachers' knowledge about effective and ineffective classroom management strategies. A group of 108 preservice teachers at a southern rural public university generated classroom management strategies in response to hypothetical vignettes depicting shy and withdrawn student behavior. Researchers coded the extended…

Most social scientists assert that Whites and African Americans exist in different economic, political, and social environments and that these contextual differences contribute substantially to group differences in violence and other antisocial outcomes. This paper uses data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health and structural…

In order to examine the responsiveness of federal policies to the known risk and protective factors for academic and behavior problems at the beginning of school, the Child Mental Health Foundations and Agencies Network commissioned the two papers that make up this publication. One paper reviews the last two decades of relevant scientific…

A study assessed the teaching/learning environment of one professional development school in a variety of ways that included a combination of quantitative and qualitative measures. Results were analyzed using the eight scales of the "School Level Environment Questionnaire" (SLEQ) as categories: Student Support, Affiliation, Professional…

This study analyzed the ability of college students to bargain strategically in the financial aid process. A bargaining model of the financial aid process was developed and used to evaluate the effect of increased number of acceptances into different colleges on a student's financial aid package. A theoretical model was developed using a…

Recent research points to the inborn abilities of infants and shows how early experiences influence cognitive skills. This book presents activities for parents and their infants--building on activities babies instinctively love--to develop their unique abilities. The book is organized around six intellectual skills: (1) problem solving; (2)…

The need for the exploration of phenomena in students' daily lives requires effective approaches in inquiry-based science education for minority and urban students. There are few descriptions of students' initial attempts at inquiry, especially among urban school students. This study focuses on seventh and eighth grade students, and investigates…

This study investigated how unprepared beginning teachers engaged in problem solving within the context of a community of practice, examining how they: defined and perceived classroom problems; negotiated the meaning of problems; and viewed the mentor teacher's role. Twelve alternatively certified beginning teachers participated. Each completed an…

A study examined what adult literacy tutors believe about literacy and how their beliefs affect the learner-tutor matches. It began with the assumptions that tutors are important actors in the tutor-learner relationship and that their beliefs and behavior will affect the tutoring relationship. The research site was a literacy program organized and…

The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of assessment, diagnosis, and treatment planning for individuals with substance abuse problems. The intent is to provide information to professional counselors in school, rehabilitation, school psychology, social work, public mental health, and private treatment settings. Information to be…

Based on the view that young children have a different intellectual culture from adults' in the way they know and understand nature, this paper explores ecological human brain development, children's intellectual culture of naturalist intelligence, and developmentally and culturally congruent curricula for young children. The paper discusses the…

Successful counseling interventions and treatment depend on understanding the worldview of the people to whom services are offered. This book provides culturally specific information about the Inupiat worldview of "personal well-being" as a basis for establishing counseling strategies. This perspective is obtained through interviews with…

Congressional testimony is presented concerning school buildings and their connection to student health, behavior, and learning, including a review of selected empirical studies conducted over the past 30 years showing an explicit relationship between physical characteristics of school buildings and educational outcomes. The factors responsible…

This study monitored classroom quality throughout three Head Start programs in the Southeastern United States, using the "Assessment Profile for Early Childhood Programs: Research Edition II." A random sample of classrooms was selected to represent high and low quality classrooms in urban and rural settings. Parents and teachers rated…