Two experiments explored the integration of animated agents into multimedia environments in the context of R. E. Mayer's (2001) cognitive theory of multimedia learning. The spoken-narration-only condition outperformed other conditions, with no differences between printed text and printed text with spoken narration. (Author)

This article offers a theoretical framework of a meaningful art education for blind people. Existing literature focuses on the interaction between the artwork and the blind person. This text describes this aesthetic encounter which is complex due to tactile sensations, individual differences of the non-sighted viewer and specific features of the…

Viewers who study photographs of scenes tend to remember having seen beyond the boundaries of the view ["boundary extension"; J. Exp. Psychol. Learn. Mem. Cogn. 15 (1989) 179]. Is this a fundamental aspect of scene representation? Forty undergraduates explored bounded regions of six common (3D) scenes, visually or haptically (while blindfolded)…

The evolution of the World Wide Web has encouraged a huge surfacing of e-learning technologies over recent years. Often, such technology is rolled out devoid of consideration towards the way in which students process and assimilate information. To date, there exists inconclusive and contradictory evidence concerning learnability effects of single-…

The purpose of this conceptual analysis is to investigate how contemporary video and computer games might inform instructional design by looking at how narrative devices and techniques support problem solving within complex, multimodal environments. Specifically, this analysis presents a brief overview of game genres and the role of narrative in…

This study demonstrated that the modality principle applies to multimedia learning of regular science lessons in school settings. In the first field experiment, 27 Dutch secondary school students (age 16-17) received a self-paced, web-based multimedia lesson in biology. Students who received lessons containing illustrations and narration performed…

This handbook was designed for educators of adults at varied levels with varying needs. The techniques discussed in the guide can be used in groups, pairs, or individually. The booklet contains two sections: (1) a brief review of different learning styles and the types of activities that work well for each, including visual, auditory,…

This 25-item test is intended to help educators identify whether students process language primarily through auditory, visual, or kinesthetic means. In the first five sections of this 9-minute test, students are instructed to read five 3-paragraph sets and select the paragraph in each set that is easiest for them to read. In questions 6 through 15…

To increase teachers' sensitivity to their students' learning styles, this paper points out some behavioral characteristics displayed by many right-hemispheric children. Additionally, the distinction between children who are either "part perceivers" or "whole perceivers" is explained. Functions of brain parts as well as several remedial,…

Sixty fifth grade students participated in a study that investigated how children learn from a nonverbal film. The students were randomly assigned to one of four conditions where they were presented individually with (1) a film story, (2) a silent version of the film, (3) a descriptive audio version of the film's content, or (4) the same story…

Guidelines are presented for modifying basic instruction of subtraction facts for elementary level learning disabled students. A detailed case study is used to illustrate a five-step structured program: (1) find a way to work it out; (2) add to check; (3) learn the partner facts; (4) study families of facts; (5) review and practice. The selection…

An informal learning modality inventory can give the teacher valuable information for purposes of diagnosis and planning. (JH)

The tactile-kinesthetic approach to spelling provides a practical teaching device for use with both disabled learners and moderately poor spellers who need to learn a technical or professional vocabulary. This multisensory approach to learning teaches to the student's strengths and places emphasis on finger contact, muscle movement, saying and…

Information is offered in this paper to aid teachers of Asian Americans in their understanding of the language learning problems which Asian Americans may encounter. Language learning is considered a social phenomenon which cannot be dissociated from other life experiences. A reading program should match the cognitive style and learning modalities…

This experiment (involving kindergarteners and fourth graders) examined the development of the ability to encode, store, and retrieve verbally-or visually-presented material when the modality of the test stimulus was varied. (JMB)