Academic risk taking--the selection of schoollike tasks ranging in difficulty and probability of success--was examined for 602 students in grades 4, 6, and 8 in Taiwan. Results of a self-report measure of tolerance for failure and a risk-taking task are discussed concerning self-enhancement versus self-assessment goals, metacognitive skills, and…

To explore question-answering strategy differences between young "good" and older "poor" readers, 60 fifth and sixth grade good readers and 60 ninth and tenth grade poor readers responded to questions about passages read and reinspected. Strategies used were inferred through analysis of response errors. Implications for reading…

Describes study that investigated the effects of instructional control and gender pairing arrangements on learner achievement, attitudes, and interaction during an interactive video elementary school science lesson. Cooperative learning strategies are discussed, results of statistical analyses are reported, and implications for instructional…

Item responses of 2,380 mathematically talented junior high school students (1,437 males and 943 females) were studied to determine gender differences, using the mathematical sections of the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT-M). Girls excelled on miscellaneous items and data sufficiency items but performed less well on algebra items than boys. (SLD)

The reliance of 12, 18, and 22 children in grades 2, 4, and 6, respectively, on context- versus word-based information was studied. Factor analysis of error scores yielded a structure reflecting 3 information sources: graphophonic information; context to identify words; and comprehension monitoring. Age differences in decoding strategies were…

A review of European research on the relationship between higher education and employment addresses a variety of issues, including changing employment opportunities and patterns for graduates, "appropriate" employment and educational relevance, and employer expectations and recruitment criteria. (MSE)

Educators can better meet the educational needs of Asian American students through greater awareness and understanding of their cultural heritage. Teachers and counselors can best serve these students through specific strategies, such as directive rather than group counseling, that reflect sensitivity to cultural differences and that will foster…

Examines the relationship between culture and children's fears by analyzing responses of Navajo and Anglo third-grade students to items from the Louisville Fear Survey for Children. Findings indicate a correlation between cultural background and levels of fear. (FMW)

Contends that, although the history of the American west has always illustrated cultural diversity, the significant role of women has not received sufficient attention. Discusses the role of women, including American Indian women, in the European conquest and settlement of the western areas of the United States. (CFR)

Presents the results of the original "Teaching About World War II" survey conducted with junior high social studies teachers in Japan. The teachers generally condemned Japan's military conduct and favored a variety of instructional materials and strategies. Includes questionnaire, tables, and graphs. (MJP)

Maintains that education for men and women in Russia, which were once sharply distinct from each other, have grown more alike. Reviews Russian education history prior to 1917, examining sex bias and educational discrimination. Maintains that the Russian Orthodox Church was a primary force in shaping women's education. (CFR)

Addresses salient questions raised by a research project on interrelationships between adult literacy and English as a Second Language. A basic issue discussed is how "pedagogy" itself should be addressed in this context: i.e., how does it relate to curriculum content and how do theory and practice come together in this area? (Contains…

Presents a classroom lesson based on a simulation of a U.S. Senate Committee hearing on the issue of coal mining on Arizona Indian reservations. Provides background information for student roles that include government representatives, coal company executives, and both traditional and progressive representatives of Native American tribes. (CFR)

Reviews 12 books related to social studies education in Canada. Includes history and geography textbooks, supplementary materials for student reading, descriptions of effective schools, and recommended instructional strategies for social studies teachers. (CFR)

Discusses the development of adolescent peer groups, student cultures, school violence, and effective interventions. Contends that the likelihood of violence increases when mediation boards and peer counseling are unavailable or ineffective. Includes a bibliography of 12 teacher resources on school violence. (CFR)