Over the past three decades, enrollment in full-day kindergarten has grown considerably--from roughly one-tenth to just over half of US kindergartners today. Full-day kindergarten reappeared first in the 1960s as an intervention designed to help disadvantaged children ''catch up'' to their peers through additional schooling. More recently, it has…

This study investigated the construct validity and population generalizability of the NTE Core Battery using two different data bases and several analytical designs. Part I of the study used data from the November 1982 administration of the Core Battery at the subscore level for 5,183 examinees. Part II used data from the October 1985…

Drawing on theories of family organization and labor market structures, it is argued that teenagers are a useful population for research on the effects of race, household characteristics, and local labor markets on labor force participation. Predictive models of labor force participation were applied to a sample of all White and Black 16- to…

"The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life" by Richard J. Herrnstein and Charles Murray (New York: Free Press, 1994) has become one of the most controversial books of recent years. The crux of the controversy, the relationship between race and intelligence, has touched a nerve in the African American community.…

Replicating research completed in 1986, a study determined the relationship among cognitive laterality, gender, and reading comprehension for African-American students, as well as gender differences in cognitive laterality and in reading comprehension. Subjects, 40 African-American males, 41 African-American females, 12 White males, and 17 White…

The stability of bias estimates from J. Schueneman's chi-square method, the transformed Delta method, Rasch's one-parameter residual analysis, and the Mantel-Haenszel procedure, were compared across small and large samples for a data set of 30,000 cases. Bias values for 30 samples were estimated for each method, and means and variances of item…

The attitudes of white college students toward black students with disabilities were studied to determine whether having a disability would add to or negate negative attitudes white college students would have toward African Americans. Two hundred undergraduate and graduate students in educational psychology classes participated. Four conditions…

Basal reading programs not only have tremendous impact on children's learning to read, but they subtly influence children's attitudes toward and understanding of racial differences in society. In this study, teacher manuals from four basal reading programs were examined for grades four, five, and six to learn how ideas for discussing racial and…

This book examines faculty socialization at American colleges and universities and presents the results of a study on the effects of promotion and tenure on community and socialization in academe. It is based on a study of institutional socialization and faculty peer review carried out at 12 colleges and universities in the United States,…

This paper lies at the interpretive intersection of several lines of research, some of them quite familiar to mathematics educators, and some of them probably less so. Among familiar discourses are cognitive constructivism, social construction, situated learning, and the psychological study of differences between groups defined by gender, race,…

An adaptation of the standardization approach to assessing differential item functioning that applies to all item responses, including omits and not reached, is described. Applications of this method to evaluate differential speededness show that there is evidence of differential speededness for Blacks and Hispanics, but not for Asian Americans.…

This study analyzed data from the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) taken between 1977 and 1988 to study trends in the numbers, test scores, and other characteristics of high school seniors planning to major in math, science, or engineering, and to compare these data with comparable data from examinees planning to major in other fields. Results…

Data collected by the March Current Population Survey were used to identify which groups of year-round, full-time civilian workers aged 16 and older were most likely to be at the top and bottom of the earnings ladder. Women, young workers, less-educated individuals, and Hispanics were most likely to earn less than $13,091 (1992 constant dollars),…

A study examined how African American women construct meaning in the television show "Beverly Hills 90210." The analysis was to examine how women of color decode and negotiate one of the most popular youth-oriented Eurocentric television shows--one in which none of the regular cast members are of African-American descent. Methodology was…

Using data from the Census Bureau's 1991 Current Population Survey and the National Household Education Survey, this study examined the trends in nursery school enrollment of 3- and 4-year-old children from 1975 to 1990. Factors examined included number of enrollments in nursery schools, race and ethnicity of the students, students' family income,…