Investigated the relationship of gender and sex-type to the accuracy of self-perceptions of social competence in depressed and nondepressed college students. Social competence ratings by sex, sex-type, and diagnostic category revealed that the peer and self-ratings of the nondepressed subjects were significantly higher than those ratings of the…

Analyzes the structure of young children's social comparison exchanges in two preschool settings, focusing on the precursory and sequent phases of social comparison exchanges manifested by young children during play in preschool. (HOD)

Examines the impact of specific language delay (LD) on peer interaction in preschool children. Interaction between three groups of dyads (normals and normals; normals and LD children; and between LD children) were studied. Normal children were more likely to initiate interaction with non-responsive partners and to dominate the interaction.…

A speech and hearing-impaired adult male received social skills training consisting of modeling instruction and behavior rehearsal in a controlled multiple baseline design to increase his nonverbal interpersonal communication skills. Treatment resulted in improvement in objective behavioral components during role-played interactions and…

The effectiveness of interactive video in teaching the skill of asking for help was evaluated with 116 secondary-aged mildly (105) and moderately (11) mentally retarded students taught the eight-lesson interactive video sequence. Comparison of pre- and post-tests of both knowledge and application showed positive effects of the curriculum. (DB)

Feminist counseling was analyzed into four core skills: social analysis, androgyny encouragement, self-disclosure, and behavior feedback. A five-week feminist skill-training program was developed. Training resulted in significant increases in social analysis and self-disclosure skills as well as increments in Attitude Toward Women Scale scores.…

Simulation activities provide opportunities to focus on the individual's contribution, encourage creativity, and build self-esteem. These activities can help develop social skills and understanding of other cultures by fostering attitudes of tolerance and sensitivity. (Examples of simulations are included.) (SED)

Examined the effects of symbolic modeling in changing sharing behavior and knowledge in 48 nursery-kindergarten children. The modeling group compared to controls shared more, increased sharing behavior over time, and acquired more knowledge about sharing. Findings support the efficacy of models in book and slide formats for young children. (NRB)

The contribution of shared experience to the social role-taking competence of 120 children in preschool, second grade, and fifth grade was evaluated under conditions that did or did not provide subjects the previous opportunity to occupy the perspective of those whose points of view they were later required to assume. (Author/RH)

The author addresses and critiques the recent controversy between Bandura (1983) and Phillips and Orton (1983) over Bandura's recent article on modes of causation in social learning. The proper role of formal models in the analysis of social dynamics is also discussed. (Author/EGS)

Responds to Staddon's critique of the author's earlier article and addresses issues raised by Staddon's (1984) alternative models of causality. The author argues that it is not the formalizability of causal processes that is the issue but whether cognitive determinants of behavior are reducible to past stimulus inputs in causal structures.…

Using data from a large sample of college freshmen, the associations between reported closeness to parents and siblings and perceived social competence were examined. Significant positive relationships were found between family bonds and social self-esteem, instrumentality, expressiveness, shyness, and degree of satisfaction and ease in peer…

A social-interaction training procedure employing picture cues (photographs of play materials in their settings), prompts, and reinforcement was investigated to determine its effect on subject-peer and subject-teacher interaction. The results indicate that picture cues facilitate communication and allow independent social interaction and serve as…

Peer competence in preschool children in two classes was assessed via (a) teacher rankings of social competence, (b) peer sociometrics, and behavioral measures of (c) social participation, and others. Affective expression and social behavior were temporally stable and consistent across contexts for both classes; however, patterns of…

While institutional fund-raising is a cooperative effort of the president, trustees, campaign director, chief development officer, and staff, the president's role is crucial as the main solicitor, particularly of large gifts, and often the only cultivator of major prospects. (MSE)