In the late 1990s, three privately funded school voucher programs for students from low-income families were established in the Dayton, Ohio metropolitan area, New York City, and Washington, D.C. Additional programs were created in Dayton and Washington, D.C. and in 1999, the Children's Scholarship Fund, a nationwide school choice scholarship…

This report provides annual information for the 1997-1998 school year on grade-level retention in the Texas public school system, based on the Public Education Information Management System. In 1997-1998, a total of 150,953 students in kindergarten through grade 12 were retained in grade, an overall retention rate of 4.3%. Data on retention are…

This report presents the conditions of children of color in the state of Washington, with statistics about economic support, health, and safety. Comments from leaders of color and other true stories help explain the situations reflected by the numerical data. It is important to note that most children of color in Washington live in solid families…

This study examined sex differences in faculty salaries, exploring how lower salaries for women varied across different rank/experience cohorts. Data came from the 1993 National Study of Postsecondary Faculty. Six cohorts were defined: assistant professors with 1-2 years experience, 3-6 years experience, 7-12 years experience, or 13-20 years…

This book presents selected papers from a conference whose objective was to determine the policies needed to foster the involvement of minorities in science, engineering, and mathematics. The following papers were presented: (1) "Introduction" (Eugene Cota-Robles); (2) "United States Demographics" (George Campbell, Jr.); (3) "A Practitioner's…

Research has shown that children use physical features to distinguish among people, and that race can be distinguished by certain features such as skin color and the shape of eyes, nose, and lips. However, L. Hirschfeld (1993, 1994) has argued that children must have the concept of race before they form the race social category and that other…

Results are reported for South Carolina students for the four tests of the American College Test (ACT) (English, mathematics, reading, and science reasoning) and the ACT composite. In 1998, the average composite score for the 995,039 graduating seniors in the United States was 21.0. In South Carolina, for the 5,385 students who took the ACT, the…

The Scholastic Assessment Tests (SAT) are national examinations designed to assess a student's chances of success at the college level. There are two SAT examinations, the SAT I, a reasoning assessment of students' verbal and mathematics skills, and the SAT II, in which students are tested in specific subject areas. In Wake County (North…

This article explores the measures that administrators take, and can take, to promote inclusive practice in racially/ethnically diverse schools. It describes a study that examined how administrators initiate and sustain dialogue with their various school constituencies. Interviews were conducted with 35 administrators, most of whom were…

This report discusses findings from the Monitoring the Future study in relation to adolescent cigarette preferences. Results show that in 1998, 19.1% of the eighth graders, 27.6% of the tenth graders, and 35.1% of the twelfth graders reported smoking within 30 days prior to the survey. By the time they finish high school, 65.2% of American young…

The main objective of this study was to show whether eighth graders' performance on standardized mathematics tests could be predicted from a variety of variables. These predictors included gender, race, socioeconomic status, and previously earned grades in mathematics. Data came from the base year of the National Educational Longitudinal Study of…

The Advanced Placement (AP) Program allows high school students to learn subjects at a college level of difficulty. Students may receive college credit if they earn a high enough score on the AP examination typically taken at the end of an AP course. This report describes the participation and achievement of AP students in the Wake County Public…

Results indicated that subjects preferred black counselors to a significantly greater degree than white counselors and that they explored themselves in greater depth with female counselors. Language was not a significant variable in any of the analyses. (Author)

A reply to an article in the April 1973 issue of "Commentary" magazine entitled "Black Progress and Liberal Rhetoric" written by two researchers, Ben J. Wattenberg and Richard Scammon; the author employed the same Census Bureau figures and other data used by Wattenberg and Scammon and arrived at opposite conclusions. (Author/JM)

The present study examined relations between behaviors of mothers and children. The analysis of relations over time suggested that stimulating responsive maternal behavior influenced the child's intellectual development, whereas in the area of social relations the child's behavior influenced the mother. (CS/Author)