Investigates on a cross-cultural basis the dual hypothese of (1) the merging into one of two or more differently inflected grammatical categories and (2) faulty mastery of difficult syntax. Hypotheses are examined for causes of children's distinctive communication technique, and the entire question of the significance of black/white difference in…

Results of this research lead to a discussion of the possibility and implications of Negro nonstandard English being a distinct quasi-foreign" language system. (MB)

Revised version of paper appearing in: F. Williams (editor), Language and Poverty: Perspectives on a Theme," Chicago, Markham, 1970. Interprets differences in child language associated with class as a systematic difference in choice of linguistic options as a function of the situation as perceived by the child. (JM)

To reduce confusion regarding reported effects of age on maximal exercise heart rate, a comprehensive review of the relevant English literature was conducted. Data on maximal heart rate after exercising with a bicycle, a treadmill, and after swimming were analyzed with regard to physical fitness and to age, sex, and racial differences. (Authors/PP)

Achievement test scores and ratings of 2,368 13-year-old students who participated in the 1977-78 National Assessment of Educational Progress were analyzed. Achievement was significantly associated with attitudes, sex, ethnicity, parents' education, verbal opportunities in the home, and frequency of mathematical practice. (Authors/CJ)

Compares the reading interests of middle school Black and White students from the same socioeconomic background. Concludes that there is a high correlation between being Black and choosing certain books and being White and choosing other books. (FL)

Examines the tie between community characteristics and race-linked occupational differentiation in 40 rural southern locations. Indicates exact opposite of conventional theoretical expectations. Shows educational level of races, spatial location, and industrial structure manifest substantial effects on opportunities. (AH)

Multidimensional scaling and unfolding algorithms were used to explore teacher perceptions of special education labels in terms of student behaviors across gender and ethnicity. The resulting two-dimensional scaling solution revealed teacher perceptual distinctions between student acting-out and passive behaviors, and between student intellectual…

Using data collected from 25 secondary schools in the Study of Schooling sample, investigated the relationship between race/ethnicity and the scope/substance of vocational courses taken. Found substantive differences between and within schools' vocational programs that resulted in different vocational experiences of White and non-White students.…

The prevalence of alcohol use among students at colleges in New York State was studied, along with sociodemographic characteristics that tend to be associated with heavy or moderate drinking or abstension. The age at which a student took the first drink was the strongest predictor of alcohol consumption. (Authors/PP)

Discusses persistent racial tensions and achievement differences between Black and White students after 14 years of desegregation at Evanston (Illinois) Township High School. (Author/GC)

Educational researchers must clarify the distinction between the terms "ethnicity" and "ethnic membership." The use of broad terms based on easily observed traits, such as racial characteristics or language, has infiltrated otherwise well-executed studies and undermined their validity. (PP)

Students from two high schools, one predominantly White and the other predominantly Black, were surveyed to determine differences between values held by Black and White students. Conclusions drawn from the students' ranking of 13 value items and their answering of 14 questions about influences on their values are discussed. (CJ)