This 34th annual report of national normative data on college freshmen is part of the Cooperative Institutional Research Program's (CIRP) longitudinal study to assess the effects of college on students. Data for this study is based on 261,217 entering students at 462 U.S. two- and four-year colleges and universities, and is statistically adjusted…

This book provides teachers with resources necessary for providing caring and competent instruction and guidance to students of all ages, exploring human resources that teachers need to flourish in the classroom. Chapter 1, "On Being a Teacher," describes the essence of what makes teachers truly great. Chapter 2, "On Being a…

Discusses how the dynamics of stress and coping change with the processes of aging. Suggests that since aging is a highly individualized process, cross-sectional studies of the phenomenon may be inadequate unless supplemented by a longitudinal perspective. (Author/AOS)

Sources of job satisfaction and job related stress among public school physical educators are examined. Recommended techniques are offered for physical education administrators to reduce their employees' job-related stress and to improve the quality of worklife. (JN)

The nine articles in this issue deal with different aspects of stress that affect school counselors. Discusses environmental and occupational causes of stress, stress management, and methods for dealing with counselor burnout. Emphasizes self-help measures and techniques for increasing counselor effectiveness. (JAC)

Reviews literature and research on child abuse, emphasizing correlation between abuse and exceptionality of the child. States child abuse is not linked with poverty or socioeconomic level; the role of conditions in prompting abuse is hard to assess; a child's special needs may create the stressful environment prompting abuse. (LC)

Focused on the special problems encountered by 15 Black, Black-Vietnamese, and American Indian children adopted by five White middle-class American families. Results indicated families who adopted racially and ethnically different children proved to have negative racial attitudes and more severe emotional difficulties than were initially apparent.…

Teachers from predominantly Black, White, or Hispanic inner-city, elementary schools report on the factors which cause physical and mental stress. The report claims that these stresses undermine teacher morale, and ultimately, the quality of instruction suffers. (APM)

Discusses the uniquely intense stress in Japan due to the "Examination Hell" which contributes to a high rate of young suicide. The social structural factors are analyzed in terms of weak ego; restraint on aggression; lack of social resources; and views of life, death, and suicide. (Author)

Suggested program strategies involve student and staff together in diagnosing student's academic problems, formulating specific objectives for problem solution, planning and activating sequential learning activities, and evaluating the success of a learning experience. Universities must provide the best programs possible for all students. (Author)

The student teaching experience can be highly stressful. Little is being done to prepare student teachers to cope with stress, and research on the subject is limited. Suggestions are made for ways to help student teachers cope with stress and objectives for research on the topic are discussed. (JD)

Certain characteristics of schools make them adequate to the task of primary prevention of behavior disorders. Current preventative efforts center on two strategies: modification of school environments and competence building. Implications for school psychologists are discussed. (Author/MH)

Examined effects of child care on mothers' levels of stress, and parental and life satisfaction. Found that all the child care variables contributed significantly to mothers' stress levels. However, the more satisfied mothers felt with child care arrangements, the greater their satisfaction as parents. Results suggest that adequate child care must…

Burnout is a syndrome involving a person's inability to cope effectively with the continual bombardment of perceived stressors. More than any other public service professionals, teachers are affected by burnout, resulting in a negative attitude toward students and a loss of idealism, energy, and purpose. Suggests strategies to effectively manage…

Tested the basic hypothesis that failure experiences at school increase the likelihood of aversive parent-child interaction after school. Subjects were 254 elementary school students. Found that children who rated more academic failure events at school described parents as more disapproving after school, but this effect was only partially mediated…