PROJECT ULTRA, UNLIMITED TRAINING FOR ALL, IS FOUNDED ON THE ASSUMPTION THAT THROUGH A SYSTEMS APPROACH TO EDUCATION, A MODEL EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM WILL EVOLVE WHICH CAN BE IMPLEMENTED ON A MASS BASIS. THE INVENTORY AND POTENTIAL OF EACH INDIVIDUAL IN A HETEROGENEOUS POPULATION WOULD BE MATCHED TO HIS SUBSEQUENT CAREER ENVIRONMENT. THE DOOR TO…

A classroom test is a work sample of all the behaviors the student must master in a given curriculum or part of the curriculum. Student performance on this sample enables the teacher to generalize concerning progress and mastery in the portion from which the sample is drawn. Each behavior to be mastered demands a suitable test or test items…

Researchers have long been aware that "pretest sensitization" is a potential threat to the external validity of experimental studies. Only recently, however, has it been suggested that "posttest sensitization" might also limit the generalizability of results. This latter phenomenon would exist to the extent that the effects of…

This paper summarizes three studies that illustrate how application of the three-parameter logistic test model helped solve three relatively intractable testing problems. The three problems are: designing a multi-purpose test, evaluating an multi-level test, and equating a test on the basis of pretest statistics. (Author/JKS)

This paper describes prenatal education classes offered at Teen Pregnancy Service. Outcome data for 66 pregnant teens shows significant changes in prenatal knowledge following the classes. (Author/MT)

The requirement of large sample sizes for calibrating items based on item response theory (IRT) models is not easily met in many practical pretesting situations. Although classical item statistics could be estimated with much smaller samples, the values may not be comparable across different groups of examinees. This study extended the authors'…

The relationship between a subject's awareness of the intent of the experimenter and attitude change is investigated. (PR)

Paper presented at the Council of Academic Societies Conference, Washington, D.C., October 2-5, 1968.

Several phonological manipulation skills were taught to 35 Head Start preschool children and the degree to which learning 1 of these skills resulted in improved skill performance and learning of a second skill was studied. Results imply that the class of phonological manipulation skills does not have a simple structure. (SLD)

Describes a study that was conducted to examine the instructional effectiveness with which different types of job aids facilitated learner achievement of different types of learning objectives, and to identify the degree to which learners possessing different levels of prior knowledge profited from different types of job aids. (Author/LRW)

Describes a method for disentangling changes in persons from changes in the interpretation of Likert-type questionnaire items and the use of rating scales. The procedure relies on anchoring strategies to create a common frame of reference for interpreting measures taken at different times. Illustrates the use of these procedures using the FACETS…

Parents of 27 preschoolers completed pretests and 14 completed posttests assessing nutrition knowledge, food purchases, and children's food intake. Children who received snacks and soybean-related instruction found both soy and nonsoy snacks acceptable, compared to those who did not receive instruction. Home eating habits did not change. (SK)

This exploratory study investigated whether the process of constructing an expert system model promotes the formation of expert-like mental models. Discusses expert systems as mindtools, expert systems as learning tools, the assessment of mental models, results of pretests and posttests, and future research. (Contains 56 references.) (Author/LRW)

Describes and compares useful and unified power formulas for analysis of covariance and change-score analyses, indicating the implications of each for sample size requirements. Contains practical recommendations for evaluations and outlines a simple spreadsheet approach. (SLD)

Explored whether a technology-rich environment that promotes a constructivist approach to learning has a significant effect on the learning styles of freshmen high school students. Results of pre- and post-tests on a learning style inventory suggest that a technology-rich environment that promotes collaborative, project-based learning can have an…