Ninety-six male students participated in an experiment studying the relationship between reciprocity and compensation in dyadic communication. The subjects were asked to solve a hypothetical problem and, depending on their pretest instructions, were given an orientation toward competition or cooperation with their partners. Time was used to test…

The relationship between egocentrism and five components of social competence (decentering ability, social participation, helping behavior, conflict resolution, and egocentric speech) in young children was examined in this study. Measures of egocentrism, intelligence and social competence were obtained for each of 100 three-year-old children…

It was hypothesized that the dimensions of R. P. Hart's rhetorical sensitivity scale--rhetorical sensitivity, noble self, and rhetorical reflector--would correspond, respectively, to the categories of androgyny, masculinity, and femininity in Bem's Sex Role Inventory. The two instruments were administered to 426 college students (211 men and 215…

Oriented toward a direct instructional routine in preparation for regular school, the Philadelphia Prekindergarten Head Start Program (PKHS) provides experiences to counter-balance effects of social and economic disadvantagement; parent involvement; staff development; and special supportive services. It employs five instructional models: Bank…

Patient noncompliance with medical advice is of major concern to physicians. Although many do not consider compliance their responsibility, research studies indicate that physicians can control many of the variables influencing compliance. Physicians' verbal and nonverbal communication habits that convey directiveness, coldness, complexity, and…

Most definitions and training of assertive behavior fail to consider cultural diversity in social skills. Verbal, nonverbal and cognitive components of assertive behavior were investigated to determine cultural variations in assertiveness. Black (N=30) and white (N=30) male and female college students enacted 16 role-play scenes with 4 role…

Individuals who differ in moral reasoning have been found not only to achieve different stations in life but also to have considerably different values and strategies by which they conduct their lives. The nature of individuals' life outcomes was measured in this study using the status of the person's job as well as both structured and open-ended…

Divided into two sections, this document suggests a number of ways to work with power structures in developing a collaborative effort between business, education, labor, industry, and government. In section I, the author presents his own understanding of power (position power and individual power) and provides a theoretical framework for the…

A program designed to improve behaviors characteristic of impulsivity and inhibition by enhancing children's real-life problem solving thinking skills is provided for use by parents and teachers of four- and five-year-old children. Twenty minutes of daily lessons are administered in small groups (or to a single child at home), in combination with…

A developmental history of the Georgia Life Skills for Mental Health program is presented. The program's purpose is to help students aged 5-18 learn ways to handle stress, make major life decisions, and form more satisfying interpersonal relationships. In addition to a narrative description of how the program was conceived and developed, the…

A perceiver's knowledge of a target person (T) can be seen as active, initiatory cognitive structures or conceptual schemas that guide and influence: (1) information processing about T; (2) search for and interpretation of new information about T; (3) remembrance and interpretation of previously-learned information about T; (4) social interaction…

The goals of this study were to replicate the findings produced in a previous conversation simulation study, to examine the conditions whereby persons attribute blame, and to extend the methodology employed in simulation game study. Conversations were simulated by a two-person game in which subjects (46 undergraduate students) were provided a deck…

This occupational skills instructional module on interpersonal relations is one of twelve making up a curriculum guide on the human aspects of working in organizations. The modules are designed for utilization at various educational levels ranging from high school to adult and continuing education either in academic or vocational programs. This…

This study investigates the validity of the Teacher Performance Assessment Instruments (TPAI) as they relate to the achievement of pupils taught by student teachers. Five separate instruments compose the TPAI: 1) teaching plans, 2) classroom procedures, 3) interpersonal skills, 4) professional standards, and 5) student perceptions. Participating…

The recent literature concerning mid-life transitions of men and the impact upon their personal and interpersonal lives is reviewed. Areas of concern addressed by these materials include adult development, issues and tasks of mid-life, and life phases. A framework for evaluation and therapeutic intervention is provided for counselors and helping…