Although there continues to be controversy about the magnitude of genetic and environmental effects on human behavior, it is generally agreed by various scientific fields that individual differences in brain function and behavior must follow the same laws of variability as other human characteristics. Whether or not racial and ethnic group…

This collection of references and research findings was initially compiled in connection with a conference on the "Linguistic Needs of West Indian Children." The first section includes research reviews and critiques. The second section includes research on the following subjects: (1) ability; (2) attainment/achievement; (3) attitudes,…

THIS ARTICLE PRESENTS SIZE AND GROWTH VELOCITY DATA COLLECTED DURING A LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF 111 NORMAL, HEALTHY NEGRO INFANTS FROM LOWER-MIDDLE-CLASS FAMILIES. DATA WERE OBTAINED FROM BIRTH RECORDS AND MEASUREMENTS TAKEN DURING ROUTINE PHYSICAL EXAMINATIONS. WHEN THIS NEGRO SAMPLE WAS COMPARED WITH WHITE INFANTS IN SIMILAR STUDIES IT WAS FOUND…

Tests and methodologies were developed to measure both the racial attitudes of Marines and the effects of training at the Marine Corps Human Relations Institute (HRI) on those attitudes. A pilot test of a Social Distance Scale (SDS) and a Situational Attitude Scale (SAS) revealed that two types of racial bias occurred on the SDS: positive/negative…

The purpose of this dissertation was to examine the long-term impact of the Rutgers Upward Bound Program. The questions relating to the long-term impact of the program were explored by means of an ex post facto approach, using students' records and other data to determine what happened in natural situations. The sample studied consisted of 144…

The correlation between educational aspiration and educational achievement was investigated in 6 Southern states via a longitudinal study (1965-1972). Approximately 1,200 rural youth, stratified by race, sex, and socioeconomic status, were contacted when sophomores, when seniors, and when 4 years beyond high school graduation. Findings revealed…

This study was designed to both replicate and expand upon previous research on self-concept formation in selected ethnic and socio-economic status (SES) groups, and to assess its relationship with specific academically related variables. Subjects were 785 students drawn from large urban and small city schools. The Soares and Soares Self Concept…

A total of 192 kindergarten children were randomly chosen from an urban school district. The pupils were divided equally between 5- and 6-year-olds, males and females, and blacks and whites. The four experimenters--a black female, a black male, a white female and a white male--presented five photographs to the children. The number of pictures…

Statements of opinion from black and white citizens about elementary, secondary, and college-level reading instruction and learning programs are discussed. Relevant objective data are listed for each point in an attempt to clarify what is known from research about the status of reading instruction and the needs of learners, both black and white.…

Role theorists maintain that good same-sex parent models are necessary for children to develop knowledge of appropriate sex roles. Cognitive theorists say that development of such knowledge depends on contact with good models, but models need not be parents. In the first phase of the study, children's knowledge of adult sex roles was determined…

Cumulative deficit is an hypothesis concerning the cause of lower mental test scores of groups considered environmentally deprived. It presupposes a progressive decrement in test scores, relative to population norms, as a function of age. Clarification of the theoretical issues and the methodological problems involved in establishing the…

This report contains national estimates based on findings from the Health Examination Survey in 1963-65 on height and weight measurements of children 6- to 11-years-old. A nationwide probability sample of 7,119 children was selected to represent the noninstitutionalized children (about 24 million) in this age group. Height was obtained in stocking…

Provided by the National Assessment of Educational Progress are the exercises in and results of a survey to determine attitudes toward literary instruction and to discover what types of literature individuals read and how often they read. Overall national results and results for such categories as region, sex, color, parental education, and size…

This study investigated the effect of social class, race, and sex on the work values of ninth-grade students in a large metropolitan area. Measures of work values were obtained using Super's (1970) Work Values Inventory. Results indicated that race and sex have differential effects on the development of work values. Significant differences between…

This study reports the findings of that part of the 1969-70 National Assessment of Educational Progress which surveyed certain kinds of writing skills. Respondents were children, teenagers, and young adults (ages 26-35) who wrote exercises related to the objectives of (1) writing to communicate adequately in a social situation, (2) writing to…