This reader is intended to introduce undergraduates to the richness, sophistication, and diversity that characterize contemporary media scholarship. Another goal is to take the mystery out of the idea of media culture by examining its production, construction, and the meaning-making processes through which media imagery and messages help shape our…

Psychologists and educators have struggled to understand the devastating influence of racial intolerance on children, on their personality development, and on their academic growth. The emotional and cognitive elements that underlie racial intolerance, along with its theoretical underpinnings, are examined in this paper. It is believed that five…

This study examined the relationship between student effort and performance on the Collegiate Assessment of Academic Proficiency (CAAP), a standardized measure of postsecondary educational development, while statistically controlling for American College Testing (ACT) Assessment scores, ethnicity, gender, length of time between ACT Assessment and…

Experiences of Bosnian adult refugees within the Swedish educational system raise questions of diversity and indications of institutionalized discrimination. Approaches to diversity within the education system reflect those approaches within the social system of the nation. Sweden is presently moving toward a uniform and more restrictive European…

This brief examines the relationship between the percentage of minority students and education spending across the school districts of the United States using data from the 1989-90 school year. The brief explores whether districts with a high minority enrollment have less to spend than low minority districts, and how this relationship changes when…

This study examined areas of racial tension and racial attitudes among first-year students at York University in Ontario (Canada). A survey of 1,129 first-year students in 1993-94 indicated that the vast majority believed that visible minority students had been treated equally by professors, staff, and other students. However, the first year was…

This study examined participation in high school and intercollegiate varsity athletics by following a cohort of 8th-graders through high school and the first 2 years of college. Data from the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988 were used to track all 1988 8th-graders through 2 years after scheduled high school graduation, all 1988…

This anthology offers comparative analyses of race, racism, and antiracism. An introduction, "The Global Community, Racism, and Anti-Racism," by Benjamin P. Bowser, provides an overview of global trends in this area. The following chapters explore historical and cultural racism in different world settings: (1) "Europe's Oldest…

In Canada there exists a need to prepare the teaching force, which is primarily monocultural and monolingual, to work with an increasingly ethnoculturally diverse student population. This paper defines the term "ethnocultural," and presents three dimensions of ethnocultural knowledge that are essential to the ongoing professional and…

Chapters in this volume are based on papers presented at the First Missouri Symposium on Research and Educational Policy (Columbia, Missouri) March 24-26, 1994). Four chapters are revisions of presentations at this symposium. Taken with the others, they explore the relationship between education and race and ethnicity, with an emphasis on black…

Chapters in this volume are based on papers presented at the Second Missouri Symposium on Research and Educational Policy (Columbia, Missouri) March 30-31, 1995), but the collection is not a report of symposium proceedings. Instead, these papers provide readers with an understanding of the gendered nature of schooling and educational policy at…

This paper reviews the literature on the relationship between rising tuition and access to public higher education in the United States. It reviews research on the relationship between tuition and enrollment in higher education, noting that every study considered has found an inverse relationship between tuition and enrollment rates. The evidence…

While empathy has been defined as the single most important dimension in establishing a counseling relationship, no studies have clearly defined what counselor responses are perceived as empathic by African American clients. For clients in general, the use of Ivey and Authier's microcounseling attending and influencing skills has been found to…

Community participation has become an important aspect of almost any change efforts in public schools in recent years. The movement has waxed and waned through the decades since the Common School, but is enjoying renewed interest with the emphasis placed on involving stakeholders in systemic change efforts. Typically, community participation has…

This research brief highlights student employment trends and their implications for higher education, and identifies major sources of national data on the subject. Text and tables provide data on: (1) number and percentage of college students employed, by age range, for 1988; (2) changes in the number and percent of employed college students, from…