Viewing Black individuals as nearly all the same or as merely further instances of a type rather than as individuals is a dangerous course and promotes ill-conceived and poor counseling strategy. Counselors must become involved in the human condition of those whom they seek to study. (Author)

Two studies examined issues related to school discipline in 19 middle schools. Results found there was little evidence of a consistent relationship between the offense and consequence. A disproportionate pattern in the administration of school discipline based on race, socioeconomic status, gender, and disability was also found. (Author/CR)

The hypothesis that ethnocultural minority teachers bring characteristics and experiences to their teaching that create a positive learning environment was studied by tracking 20 Canadian candidates of color from preadmission to teacher education through graduate study. Findings show the transgenerational commitment to role modeling and…

Examines single-parent families headed by fathers. Studied specially constructed child files from the 1960-90 Public Use Microdata Samples data from the Census of Population. Findings showed single-father families generally rare but increasing. Social capital of children's fathers, availability of adults, and children's economic well-being vary…

Asserts that closing the racial achievement gap does not necessarily require more competition and choice, but does require that educational objectives are clearly defined, practices adequately aligned, and evaluations based on long-term effectiveness. Highlights the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB), discussing sociological and historical…

Assessed fourth, seventh, and tenth graders' social reasoning about exclusion in three social contexts: friendship, peer, and school. Found that there were significant patterns of reasoning about exclusion for the context, the target of exclusion, and the degree to which social influence, authority expectations, and cultural norms explained…

Examined the speech of middle- and working-class black and white parents to their preschool children during picture identification, free play, and a meal. The study found the groups similar in the level and form of parental labeling and different in the information supplied by parents, parental direction of child behavior, and parental sensitivity…

Compares suicide rates among American Indian youth with those for other racial groups and discusses suicide risk factors for the general youth population and for American Indian youth. Describes school-based programs in terms of suicide prevention, intervention, and "postvention" strategies, with emphasis on adaptation to specific cultures.…

Community college students assessed how much prescriptive and developmental advising they had received and expressed their preferences for these advising styles. The amount of advising that full-time and part-time students received differed significantly. Presents findings of transfer versus non-transfer students, considering variables such as…

Analysis of responses of 10,251 high school students surveyed in the 1997 National School-Based Youth Risk Survey indicated that American Indian males more frequently carried weapons, attempted suicide, and used drugs than did White or Black youths. American Indian females more frequently attempted suicide and used cocaine than did White or Black…

Analysis of responses of 16,262 high school students surveyed in the 1997 National School-Based Youth Risk Survey indicated that Hispanic males and Black females engaged more frequently in risky behaviors than did their same-sex peers in other racial groups. Patterns of involvement in risky behavior differed across racial/ethnic groups. (Author/SV)

The importance of item difficulty (equated delta) was explored as a predictor of differential item functioning of Black versus White examinees for 4 verbal item types using 13 Graduate Record Examination forms and 11 Scholastic Aptitude Test forms. Several significant racial differences were found. (TJH)

Questions whether educational research concerned with children's abilities to learn science concepts has taken into account the effects of race, class, and gender on children's understanding. Contends that these factors are important variables to consider in cognitive research, and that their omission from this body of research has negative…

The Georgia Job Analysis Questionnaire was administered in January 1987 to all certified mathematics and science personnel identified by the State Department of Education. Ratings of task statements by 1,384 science and 1,600 mathematics teachers indicated significant differences associated with racial and gender differences. (TJH)

Utilizes statistical data on reading achievement from the National Assessment of Educational Progress to compare the performance of minority and nonminority students in suburban elementary schools. Suggests ways to improve the low minority student achievement. (FMW)