This study examined distinctions between self-esteem as a general attitude of self and the underlying self-beliefs which link the self with a positively or negatively valued attribute. It was hypothesized that black adolescents would have higher scores on the general self-esteem measure, while they would not have have higher scores on all specific…

The study evaluated the invariance of the construct validity and thus the interpretation of Graduate Record Examinations (GRE) Aptitude Test scores. A systematic procedure for investigation of test bias from a construct validity frame of reference was developed and applied. Invariant construct validity was defined as similar patterns of loadings…

To determine communication conflict style differences in black and white subjective cultures, 123 black and 180 white university students were administered the Organizational Communication Conflict Instrument (OCCI), a scale measuring the three conflict management styles: control (confrontation); nonconfrontation; and solution-orientation. Results…

Literature and studies on the influence and scope of youth sports were surveyed with particular attention to selected issues or aspects related to cultural pluralism in North America. An exploration was made of attitudes toward participation in youth sports, which were influenced by ethnic and socioeconomic backgrounds of parents and children.…

This document comprises a report on retention patterns in the Los Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD) showing the number and percentage of students retained in grade at the conclusion of the 1986-87 school year. Retention and enrollment data were collected from annual reports filed by all schools. Differences in sex, ethnicity, and grade level…

This study assessed whether there was any relationship between scores on the mathematics section of the Pre-Professional Skills Tests (PPST) and selected possible predictors of performance for 118 students at Harding University in Searcy (Arkansas) who took the PPST between January 1, and October 1, 1989. Focus was on providing information that…

A cross sectional study of the effects of ethnicity and immigrant generation status on the educational attainment of Asian, Hispanic, and White youth clearly indicates that generation of residence affects educational attainment, but that the effects are not wholly consistent across generation and ethnicity. The following immigrant generational…

This document comprises a report on the disparity between the health status of Maryland's blacks and minorities and the white population. Information was gathered from statewide public hearings at which over 50 individuals and groups representing the general public and health care providers testified. The major finding was that a disproportionate…

This publication is the second of two dropout reports prepared in 1988-89 for the Houston (Texas) Independent School District. The first report presented dropout data for each of the district's secondary schools as well as for the district as a whole. This follow-up report on HISD's 1988-89 dropouts presents a districtwide perspective on…

This study examines the racial attitudes of Black, White, and Hispanic students in a Boston middle school. Group and individual interviews were conducted with two Black (both female), two White (1 male, 1 female), and two Puerto Rican (1 male, 1 female), students who are enrolled in a new middle school with a multicultural curriculum where…

The role of testing in American education is becoming increasingly important in grouping students for educational purposes. This article reviews practices adopted by educators or administrators to improve student test scores. Stopgap measures for improving standardized test scores include (1) switching to easier tests; (2) eliminating certain…

The gap in the quality of life between elderly blacks and elderly whites must be closed through the joint efforts of individuals; religious and community organizations; political institutions and the private sector. Solutions are especially needed in urban areas where the minority participation rate in supportive service programs is low and…

For one school year, the classroom and playground social behaviors of normally developing and developmentally delayed children were analyzed for the occurrence of interactions across gender, across race and ethnicity, and across developmental condition. The potential impact of teachers' nonsexist language, and encouragement of interaction among…

Whether adjustments to differential prediction observed among sex, racial/ethnic, or age subgroups in a college-level freshman class could be used to improve grade prediction accuracy for these subgroups in future freshman classes was studied. This study is based on the American College Testing program test scores, high school grades, and college…

One approach to test bias has focused on identifying the potential variables or factors that may be responsible for bias in a particular test for a particular subgroup. This approach was employed in this study to determine variables which may relate to differential test performance by Anglo and Hispanic students. The test materials used in this…