"Provides a theoretical perspective for dealing with the initial entry stage of interpersonal interaction. The seven axioms and twenty one theorems presented suggest a set of research priorities for studying the development of interpersonal relationships." Journal available from: Human Communication Research, International Communication…

Four teaching devices designed to demonstrate the social process of labeling mental illness were used in different teaching settings. (Author/ND)

Data were analyzed from a sample of elderly males and females to ascertain level of expectancy for control as well as the relationship between internal control and adaptive behavior. Assessments were made with the Internal-External Locus of Control Scale, and indices of developmental adjustment, active involvement, and emotional adaptation.…

Adaptation of Monograph Prepared for Westinghouse Learning Corp.

This paper briefly reviews the concept of cognitive style and then analyzes Witkin's theory on Psychological Differentiation, examining its possible use for research in art education. Cognitive style refers to individual differences in the processes by which knowledge is acquired. According to Witkin's Psychological Differentiation theory,…

Within the framework of the social stress and behavioral theories of depression, this study investigated the hypothesis that postpartum depression is a function of disruption of parents' prepartum functioning by the subsequent demands of infant caretaking. Seventy-eight primiparous married couples (N=156, 78 men and 78 women) volunteered to…

Basic issues in criterion-referenced measurement are addressed. In section II, issues involved in determining what a person does and can do are considered. A preliminary analysis of "can" is given which shows that there are several important senses of "can". In section III, results of an analysis of "ability" are…

This researcher investigated two problems: (1) the accuracy and validity of instruments which measure Piagetian levels of thought; and (2) the need for more detailed models of concrete and formal operational structures, both as they develop and consolidate, and in their most highly developed state. Several tasks such as the Piagetian correlations…

After a discussion of the patterns of female labor force activity and the trend toward increased participation in the labor force by women between 1900 and 1975, this paper points to the need to re-examine traditional ideas about women and work and to develop a model of female occupational behavior based on a human development approach. Four…

The relationship between athletics and delinquency is investigated with emphasis on whether the relationship changes when differentiating between types of delinquent behavior. The overall findings indicate a negative relationship between athletic participation and juvenile delinquency. Data supports the deterrent hypothesis and indicates that…

The focus of this paper is concerned with the interaction of leadership-learning style preferences, instructional styles, and group dynamics principles involved in classroom communication. The importance of teachers tempering their leadership style and instructional models to facilitate efficient learning for students of different learning styles…

The old argument of humanism versus behaviorism is slowly being replaced by a synthesis of these two foundations of thought. This slow professional recognition of synthesis is due to three basic shortcomings in the professional community rather than extreme differences in ideological thought. They are: (1) psychological terminology being equated…

Over the years, research and evaluation practices have influenced and been influenced by intervention procedures in the school system and classroom. This document discusses the historical influences of research and evaluation on interventions in schools conducted in the past, and outlines important trends, issues, and suggested practices for…

Recently, communications scholars and theorists have begun formulating rules to describe the workings of language in various situations of everyday use. Theoretically, current rules approaches are in violation of the basic philosophy underlying communication theory--Whitehead's notion of process. The inconsistency is a function of the degree of…

Child rearing and parenting practices during the 1920s, the impact of science and scientific discoveries during this period, medical advances and the concurrent decline in the death-rate of infants and young children are discussed in this paper. Also discussed is the impact of the theories of psychologists G. Stanley Hall, Lewis Terman, and John…