Mothers of 6 cohorts of infants at ages 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 months were interviewed to determine their children's responses to potentially stressful daily events. Found older infants and temperamentally more difficult infants experienced more events and reacted with distress to a greater proportion of the events than did younger infants and…

Investigates whether personality tests can differentiate between alcohol and drug users among juvenile offenders. Subjects were 108 Icelandic juvenile offenders who had been given conditional discharge, who received the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and Gough Socialisation Scale (GSS). Drug and alcohol users scored significantly lower…

Discusses a study that applied a "zigzag" problem-solving sequence, based in Jungian personality theory, to Jane Yolen's book "Children of the Wolf." Suburban Pennsylvania fifth graders' actual responses to characters' dilemmas suggest that this model can help elementary teachers engage students in moral reasoning associated…

Assessed predicted psychological differences between denying (n=30) and admitting (n=72) male sex offenders within the framework of Eysenck's theory on the personality of criminals. The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and Gudjonsson's Compliance Questionnaire (CQ) were administered to consenting participants who were probationers in…

Examines the relationship between gendered personality dispositions and two aspects of gender role attitudes (occupational sex typing and gender role stereotypes). Indicates that gendered personality disposition affects occupational sex typing, whereas gender has the strongest effect on stereotypes of gender roles in the family and society.…

Examines student teachers' beliefs about creativity, creative outcomes, and factors related to creativity. Concludes that creative outcomes were thought to be novel and not necessarily appropriate outcomes, creativity is more likely to be manifested through artistic and literary endeavors, and prior knowledge is not one of the main contributing…

Describes an activity for introductory research methods in which students form a hypothesis regarding a personality difference between Captain Kirk from the original "Star Trek" and Captain Picard from "Star Trek: The Next Generation" and then empirically test the hypothesis by observation of operationally defined behaviors.…

Describes higher levels of morality by contrasting Kohlber's Cognitive Developmentalism and Dabrowski's Positive Disintegration. It argues that far from being a gift, high-level morality is a function of the whole person. It is something chosen and striven for, and the result of compassion and some kind of disintegration. (Author/CR)

Examined the relationship among specified personality and individual characteristics of university students with their level of commitment to a measurable, results-focused statement of an ideal vision. Discusses locus of control, generativity, self-efficacy, values, and risk taking in the use of an ideal vision for strategic planning, needs…

This report reviews research on personality disorders (PDs) in adolescents, focusing on the prevalence of certain PDs by gender and the impact of gender on diagnosis. Empirical findings are presented pertaining to PD gender differences in adults for comparison and conclude that most DSM-III-R defined PDs are unrelated to gender. (Author)

Considers factors that help and hinder experienced instructors in transitioning to teaching online. Highlights include intrinsic personality characteristics as measured by the Myers Briggs and Gregorc Transactional Ability Inventory; job support; and training to acquire online teaching skills. (Author/LRW)

Used national, longitudinal data from two generations to assess explanations for intergenerational transmission of marital instability, one based on relationship skills and the other on marital commitment. Results suggest that offspring with divorced parents have an elevated risk of seeing their own marriages end in divorce because they hold a…

Investigates the relationship between thinking styles and personality types by having 600 undergraduate students from the University of Hong Kong respond to the Thinking Styles Inventory (TSI) and the Short-version Self-directed Search (SVSDS). Reports that thinking styles and personality types overlap to a degree. (CMK)

Examined the prevalence of eligibility for educational services for serious emotional disturbance (SED) among incarcerated youths, as well as how this designation relates to offender type. Logistic regression was used to understand whether youths with SED designations were likely to be incarcerated for violent offenses. SED status was not…

Examines the scope of poverty and the growing disparity in income among people. Discusses the consequences of poverty for adults and children and presents strategies to improving their resilience. Although focusing on individual characteristics can enhance resilience, it suggests that the best changes will come about with improved national…