Presented before the Section on Mental Health, American College Health Association, Forty-sixth Annual Meeting, Minneapolis, Minnesota, May 3, 1968.

Research studies concerned with sex-role stereotypes have noted that behavior is often shaped by expectations others hold about certain individuals. In one experiment, female undergraduates who expected to meet attractive desirable men portrayed themselves as more feminine and performed less intelligently on a bogus IQ test when they thought the…

This research paper examines the relationship between individual differences in environmental perception, and variables which may be important in predicting, if not explaining those variations. The analyses reported were based upon an environmental perception research study previously conducted at the University of California at Berkeley during…

This preliminary edition of the International Directory of Child Development Research includes listings for 45 nations. Entries are grouped in the following sections: intranational organizations, international organizations, private institutes, and handicapped children. Names of contact persons, addresses, and institutional affiliations are…

Apologies are admissions of blameworthiness for an undesirable event and allow actors to try to obtain a pardon from the audience. In an investigation of the uses and forms of apologies, 120 subjects participated in a role-play study where they imagined themselves to be central characters who bumped into a "victim." Apologies were used in a…

Identification of factors contributing to the timing of first contraceptive use by girls is an important consideration in structuring primary prevention programs to reduce teenage pregnancies. Interviews with 120 girls aged 12-19 in a study of sexual, contraceptive, and pregnancy decision making covered six areas: (1) demographic information; (2)…

Text, illustrations, and exercises are utilized in this set of three learning modules to instruct nurses and nursing students in patient observation and assessment skills. The first module, "The ABC's of Observation" by Freda Cooper, provides psychiatric nurses and technicians with guidelines for determining the mental status of incoming…

Item response changing as a function of test anxiety was investigated. Seventy graduate students enrolled in a basic statistics course completed 73 multiple-choice items on the course content and the Test Anxiety Scale (TAS). The TAS consisted of 25 items that students indicated were descriptive (true) or not descriptive (false) of themselves.…

A study was conducted on the interactional relationship between independent and dependent mildly retarded adolescents (N=24) and their mothers. Adolescent-mother pairs separately engaged in a videotaped problem solving task for 20 minutes. The 24 videotapes were then subjected to an interactional coding system comprised of five behavioral domains.…

The paper examines the causes of violent and other antisocial behavior in children. Considered are the effects of heredity and environment, and the nature and prevalence of learning disabilities in persons with antisocial behavior are noted. Effects of temperament and its relationship to stress are discussed. The author cites findings on potential…

Several specific research approaches are compared with regard to cost-effectiveness, types of disorders to which they best respond, general strategies, and therapist personality. Replicated findings include: (1) support for both the functional reversal and semantic reversal of the "A-B Scale;" (2) characterization of therapists who are effective…

The Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) was administered to 300 undergraduate college students over a three year period. Results indicated a consistent trend toward scores that were more "androgynous" for the male subjects and more "feminine" for the female subjects. These findings were questioned with respect to the social impact of…

Recent studies indicate that achievement, deference and abasement affect career decision making. Conflicts occur between the need to achieve and the need to defer, and are exacerbated in persons who experience high abasement needs. When religious and clergy have conflicts between need to achieve in career areas and need to defer, the effect is…

In terms of a dialectical model, the person-situation context is viewed as inseparable and necessarily interdependent. The very diagnostic categories used in the profession are as subject to the zeit geist as are the character structure and behavior of the individual. The evolving diagnostic categories as codified in the "Diagnostic and…