To clarify what is known about skills in online searching, this paper reviews opinionative literature dealing with personal traits of online searchers and research investigations focusing on searching errors and causal factors such as searchers' institutional affiliation, training, experience, aptitudes, personality, creative orientation, and…

Examined communication concerning wartime experiences in survivor families through interviews and testing of Jewish children of survivors (N=64). Results indicated that willingness to talk about experiences and frequency of communication were related to negative factors among offspring for the mother and positive factors among offspring for the…

To determine perceptions of self-actualizing behavior as a purpose of higher education, students, professors, and administrators rated 12 self-actualizing behaviors on a 5-point scale from important to unimportant for the university to encourage. Analysis of responses showed the three groups essentially agreed that higher education should develop…

Presents findings from meta-analysis of 85 studies of premarital, marital, and family enrichment, representing 3,886 couples or families. Findings are discussed in terms of overall enrichment effectiveness and salient program, subject, design, measurement, and analysis characteristics. The most powerful factors related to outcome were measurement…

Compares the responses of 65 mothers and 42 fathers who completed the Child Rearing Practices Report first when their child was three years old and again at 12 years. Despite many changes in the families, considerable continuity in childrearing orientations was shown. Shifts in emphasis coincided with developmentally appropriate areas for change.…

This study was conducted to determine the relationship between moral judgment and personality or attitude toward authority; variation of attitude toward authority through adolescence; and bias of Kohlbergian moral development toward a liberal political philosophy. Results were discussed in terms of the political and psychological features of…

Examines the personality traits that influence whether individuals seek novel experiences or avoid them, which is reflected in their optimal level of activation. Specifically examines the relationship between exposure to news sources and levels of activation. (FL)

Research on cognitive development of low-birthweight infants is reviewed. The study of high-risk populatons should include measures of psychological development. Detailed assessment of the children's daily life and behavior patterns can provide clues for causal linkages to account for the association between social economic status and cognitive…

Presents a profile of parents who abuse their children, addressing demographic characteristics, personality traits, psychological patterns, and emotional responses. Implications for school counselors are given. (BL)

A study examined the relations between fourth- through sixth-grade students' school adjustment and the extent to which their self concepts conformed to stereotypic gender roles. Among boys, more stereotypic self-concepts were associated with high levels of externalizing conduct disorders. Among girls, stereotypy was associated with high levels of…

Growing public concern with student discipline, increases in student suicide rates, homicides, and high pregnancy rates of teenage girls are causing educators to give renewed attention to the concept of "character development" in public education. (MD)

Questions of power, leadership, and the struggle of academic versus administrative influence at Oxford University are explored, and Weber's theory of leadership and authority is applied to the institution, whose objective is to produce members of the elite or ruling social strata. (MSE)

Subjects described themselves and the ideal man, woman, and person on unidimensional scales of masculinity derived from the Bem Sex Role Inventory. Men were influenced more than women by the "target" of the ideal. All subjects other than traditional men characterized the ideal person as significantly more feminine than masculine. (CMG)

It is argued that the tendency to omit items is a deviant response characteristic. Three studies using a self-actualization measure are outlined. Persons who omitted items did so because of fatigue, confusion with some items, unpreparedness to disclose information, and/or because they may not trust the researcher with certain information.…

A model of the development of interpersonal negotiation strategies in adolescents is proposed which included social-cognitive, interpersonal, and contextual aspects; and which has implications for such school-based interventions as classroom curriculum, individual/group counseling, school climate/discipline, and parent involvement. Implications…