Lecture given before the Annual Conference and Course on Reading (23d, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa., July 10-21, 1967).

Demonstrated the advantages of using all three letters of Holland codes. Urged that the Compatibility Index (CI) be used to supplement high point code-letter research. The CI use of secondary and tertiary scales gives valuable information about groups or individuals that is lost in single-scale reporting. (JAC)

Personality characteristics of dental students as freshmen and seniors were studied, and no significant change was found. The results imply that dental school had minimal effect on students' personal needs, values, and attitudes, making faculty knowledge of these traits essential before admission. (MSE)

Observation of classroom coping behaviors of 1,066 K-12 students and of several hundred effective public school teachers provides discipline strategies for classroom management. Teachers apply one of seven treatment schedules after identifying a student's coping behavior. Tables show eight coping styles and abbreviated treatment schedules. (PB)

Examines Jones's and Nisbett's (1971, 1972) hypothesis that people generally attribute the actions of others to stable trait dispositions but see their own behavior as relatively more influenced by specific environmental circumstances. Discusses methodological problems in studies examining this hypothesis, suggesting ways they might be overcome.…

Lawrence Kohlberg's empirical research does not, in itself, justify the claim that his higher stages of moral development are more adequately moral than lower stages; consequently, using Kohlbergian interventions to promote student development through these stages is unjustified. Empirical research, while necessary for planning and executing…

This paper assesses the reliabilities of the items and dimensions, determines the extent of agreement among raters, identifies the factor structure, and assesses the influence of sex and age of children on raters' perceptions on a short form of the Teacher Temperament Questionnaire. (Author/PN)

A study investigated possible relationships between performance on the National Board of Medical Examiners Part I exam and personality types to identify learning styles that may predict difficulty with that kind of testing. Results show the tests are most difficult for the personality types most easily admitted to medical school. (MSE)

Determined the relationship between counseling systems stages and counselor effectiveness as measured by Carkhuff's accurate empathy scale. Students (N=97) were rated for stage of conceptual functioning. Counseling interviews were rated for level of empathic responding. Results indicated markedly significant differences between and among…

Found early permission to date related to: feelings of being confident, independent, and tired; good relationship with mother; reported drinking and drug abuse problems; and frequent drug use. Found late permission related to feelings of being unsure, dependent, and refreshed; poor relationship with mother; maternal overstrictness; and serious…

A study of graduate students examined the relationship between ability to empathize and the personality traits of feminine expressiveness and masculine instrumentality. Results showed that counselor trainees with a high degree of expressive personality traits were more likely to be empathetic. Instrumental traits appeared unrelated to empathy.…

Argues for a view of adolescence as deriving from the nature of the interaction of adolescent thought and action in a social setting. Suggests the necessity for rethinking current definitions of adult as well as adolescent development and calls for a change in ways both groups are educated. (RC)

Examined a recently developed Scale of Vocational Identity in relation to selected personality variables from the California Psychological Inventory, and preference for interest inventory feedback modes involving varying levels of counselor contact. (RC)

A study was conducted to determine what types of jobs youth are most likely to accept and to distinguish whether the characteristics and backgrounds of young people influence their reservation wages for given jobs. (Author/CT)