Examined the relationship of cognitive and personality variables to achievement in 49 Black junior high school students. Results showed a higher achievement motivation for males. Neither personality nor social reinforcement showed much predictive value. The relationship between achievement motive and academic measures was not significant. (JAC)

Presents key accusations of three critics of the human potential movement. Describes the nature of the sociology of knowledge and suggests how this discipline can balance the emphasis on self-actualization in the human potential movement. (Author/JAC)

The relationship between interaction and achievement in cooperative small groups was studied in four junior high school mathematics classrooms. The interaction variable that related most strongly to achievement was asking a question and receiving no response; this type of interaction was negatively related to achievement. (Author/BW)

Presents a working definition of negativism and a reconstruction of its development in the first year of life. New issues concerning the origins and nature of negativism are raised in the light of recent findings concerning attachment, autonomy, and temperament. Special attention is given to the development of "No" and symbolic negation.…

This study examined the relationships between sex role-related personality variables and two intellectual variables often associated with sex differences: math and verbal ability. There is evidence for a positive relationship between masculine traits and values and math ability, and feminine traits and values and verbal skills (for both sexes).…

Determined if self-esteem is related to emotional maturity. Scores from 200 male and female college students on Coopersmith's Self-Esteem Inventory and on the Washburne Social-Adjustment Inventory were correlated. Students high in self-esteem were found to be more emotionally mature than students low in self-esteem. (Author)

Same-sex dyads, consisting of a high or low argumentative college student paired with a moderate, argued a controversial topic. Analysis revealed seven dimensions of communication behavior discriminated between high and low argumentatives: flexibility, interest, verbosity, expertise, dynamism, willingness to argue, and argumentative skill. (PD)

Administered three self-concept instruments to 374 students in grades 7, 9, and 11. By using total scores as well as subscale scores, indications were obtained of global self-concept as well as perceptions of various dimensions of self. Data indicated significant sex, race, grade level, and social class differences. (RC)

Examined women with stable and unstable career choices over four years. Findings supported the importance of congruence in stable women; differentiation and consistency operated similarly for women with stable and unstable choices. (Author/RC)

Examined the relationships between students' level of consistency in choosing a major in college and their persistence, stability, and achievement in a five-year follow-up. It was found that consistent students tend to persist in college, not to change majors, and that they have higher achievement than inconsistent students. (Author)

Triadic interactions between mother, preschool-age first-born, and 14-month-old second-born siblings were studied in 40 families as part of a longitudinal study using home observations. Interaction between mother and second-born exerted an important influence on the behavior of the first-born. (Author/RH)

Determined the congruence between predicted effectiveness ratings by residence hall staff during selection of resident assistants, and ratings by students at the end of one semester. Results indicated differences between the initial ratings and ratings based on student observations. Suggests that a variety of strengths is considered most…

Varied leadership style against form of address (Mr., Ms., Miss, Mrs.) in a simulated small group case study. Student ratings indicated significant effects due to leader style (i.e., greater subordination and stronger friendship attraction to democratic leaders). Authoritarian leaders using title Ms. evoked higher subordination than other…

Compared Black pregnant adolescents who applied for therapeutic abortions (TAs) with those who planned to have their babies (Terms). Suggests Terms seemed to be trying to fill a void and assume an adult role. Results indicated controls were most socialized, followed by TAs, then Terms. (Author/JAC)

Considered selected attitudinal and value characteristics of high and low successful consultants. Consultants (N=12) and consultees (N=15) completed six measures. Results indicated that more successful consultants have consultees who are more authoritarian and dogmatic, and are dissimilar to consultees in level of dogmatism and reported need for…