Chaotic home systems have been linked with children's adverse psychological and academic outcomes. But, as they represent a departure from the suburban ideal of space, order, and family cohesiveness and stability, they should also be linked with low support for survival values. Using longitudinal data from the 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS70)…

Research examining the association between body image and sexual risk-taking has been mostly limited to clinical and/or White female samples. It is unclear whether body image plays a role in sexual risk-taking among African American early adolescent females. Moreover, research has neglected to consider body image within a cultural and ethnic…

Background: Relationships within families are interdependent and related to distal environmental factors. Low socioeconomic status (SES) and high household chaos (distal factors) have been linked to less positive marital and parent-child relationships, but have not yet been examined with regard to young children's sibling relationships. The…

The relationship between referral and special education outcome was investigated in the State of Florida, where students are referred by category (i.e., referred for learning disability services, mental retardation services, etc.). Of specific interest was the congruence between categories for which students were referred and eventual placements.…

In 1971, the Wethersfield, Connecticut School Department received a U.S. Office of Education grant to initiate a study testing some of the incentive models proposed by Jung and his colleagues. The goal of this project was to improve students' initial mastery of reading skill objectives by a program of assigning appropriate objectives to each…

To isolate those features of adult-child dialogue that are associated with high verbal ability, tape recordings were made of 21 twenty-minute conversations in the homes of twelve 7-1/2 to 8-1/2 year old boys. The resulting dialogues were coded and grouped for analysis as follows: Total Sample; Sub-Sample of 500 Consecutive Utterances; Longer than…

Discusses the benefits of parent participation in their children's play, and reviews some problems that often arise when parents do attempt to play with their young children. (SB)

When mothers of 12 infants 10 weeks of age displayed noncontingent, practiced facial and vocal expressions of joy, anger, and sadness, infants responded differently to each expression. Infants' matching responses to maternal affects were only part of complex but predictable behavioral patterns that indicate meaningful affect states and possibly…

Academically competent third-graders and their parents were studied to (1) determine whether the illusion of incompetence documented in fifth graders appears in younger children; and (2) examine the influence that parents exert on their children's development of self-perceptions of academic competence. (PCB)

Examines the relations of Type A scores of parents to Type A scores of their children. Parent-child correlations were found for father-son pairs. (PCB)

Assessed how reports of parental discipline and control were related to adolescent sexual attitudes and behavior. Adolescents' perceptions of parental strictness and rules show a curvilinear relationship to their sexual attitudes and behavior; sexual permissiveness and intercourse experience was highest among adolescents who viewed their parents…

Examines the influence of parents, peers, and partners on teenage women's contraceptive-seeking behavior and identifies sources of variation in the amount and direction of influence. (Author/ABB)

Examines children's conceptions of parental authority. A total of 120 children were interviewed and asked to evaluate social events (stealing, family chores, friendship choice) pertaining to restraint of behavior and maintenance of parental rule systems. Results suggest that children's notions of authority are heterogeneous with respect to the…

Analyzes 1973 Occupational Changes in a Generation Survey data to show that the effects of father's schooling and sibship size on sons' schooling are mainly additive and invariant over cohorts. Apparent interactions between father's schooling and sibship size result primarily from differences in mean educational attainment among sibship size…

Personal interviews and agency records were used to examine month-by-month vocational histories of 53 sheltered workshop employees placed in competitive jobs. Most participants who were still employed after four to five years had parental support, while those who returned to the workshop or were unemployed did not. (Author/CL)