Professional development programs (PDs) for in-service teachers are usually structured to deliver standardized content. However, considering the differences in the teaching practices utilized by teachers of different subjects, their needs and expectations may vary. Thus, this study develops an instrument to determine inservice teachers'…

This study aimed to study the validity and reliability of the Uskudar Benevolence and Malevolency Scale (USBEMA). The sample consists of 1028 people from all over Turkey. The analysis made revealed that the scale consists of two factors. The first factor "Purpose Oriented" explains 35.2% of the variance and the second factor…

In many psychological and educational applications, it is imperative to obtain valid and reliable score estimates of multilevel processes. For example, in order to assess the quality and characteristics of high impact learning processes, one must compute accurate scores representative of student- and classroom-level constructs. Currently, there…

It is well documented that literacy coaches engage in a wide variety of tasks related and unrelated to their role. However, little is known about their efficacy beliefs related to performing these tasks. In this article we describe the development and initial testing of the Literacy Coaching Self-Efficacy Scale that was designed and created to…

The process of decision-making is a multifaceted cognitive endeavor encompassing various cognitive, emotional, psychological, and social processes. It empowers individuals to select from a range of alternatives. Its significance spans across age groups, impacting both adults and children, and the relevance of which goes beyond aiding learners in…

The Servant Leadership Scale has been developed in the context of the university. This scale has seven dimensions: behaving ethically, development, emotional healing, empowerment, pioneering, relationship building, and wisdom. Furthermore, this scale was modified into six dimensions: authenticity, behaving ethically, development, emotional…

The replication crisis in social and behavioral sciences has raised concerns about the reliability and validity of empirical studies. While research in the literature has explored contributing factors to this crisis, the issues related to analytical tools have received less attention. This study focuses on a widely used analytical tool -…

The present study sought to assess the psychometric properties of the Iranian adaptation of the Vietnam Teacher Resilience Scale for Asia (VITRS), referred to as the Iranian Teachers' Resilience Scale (ITRS) and to examine its measurement invariance across middle and high school teachers in Iran. In total, 700 participants completed the…

In this study, we report the development and psychometric validation of the Online Teaching Comprehensive Evaluation Scale (OTCES). The sample consisted of teachers from across Taiwan. In Taiwan, COVID-19 has profoundly affected online teaching, making teachers' acceptance of change critical, as online teaching policies place teachers at the…

This two-wave study aimed to adapt the Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction and Frustration Scale (BPNSFS) to the Turkish language and cultural context. At Time 1, participants included 1033 Turkish high school students (M[subscript age] = 15.91, SD = 0.36; 41.9% female) from 26 public schools located in Ankara, Türkiye. At Time 2, 849 students…

Morphological knowledge is a complex construct integral to vocabulary breadth and reading comprehension. To understand its complexity, researchers examine its dimensionality. First, this study contributes to this broad topic by investigating whether morphological awareness and affix knowledge, related concepts with a long history of investigation…

This study introduces the "ChatGPT Usage Scale for Foreign Language Learners," designed to evaluate the usage of AI chatbots in language learning. The scale was developed based on a comprehensive literature review and expert evaluations, ensuring a strong theoretical foundation and content validity. It comprises three sub-dimensions…

This study aimed to develop and validate the Creative Problem-Solving Skills Test (CPSS-T), grounded in Torrance's creativity theory, to assess these skills in university students. The CPSS-T consists of five open-ended question types, each designed to measure different aspects of creative problem-solving: Alternative Use, Hypothetical Scenario,…

This paper describes the adaptation and validation of a brief Big Five Inventory for upper elementary school children in China. Two independent samples, comprising 1884 and 2245 children from Grade 4 to Grade 6, were used to pilot and cross-validate the adapted questionnaire. We first explored the underlying factor structure and composite…

Engineering identity is a developing construct within the field of engineering that has been found to be a strong predictor of engineering persistence, retention, and success. While the theoretical definitions and operationalizations of the construct have matured, instruments used to measure engineering identity lack in one vital component -- they…