A total of 134 mothers and their newborn infants were studied in order to evaluate the relationship between neonatal characteristics and mother-infant interaction. (SB)

Described are the methods and procedures of a research strategy for understanding the etiology of schizophrenia through the study of children at risk. (Author/IM)

Examined the relations of mothers' and fathers' reported emotion-related practices to parents' and teachers' reports of third- to sixth-grade children's social skills, popularity, and coping. Found that mothers' problem-focused reactions were positively associated with children's social functioning and coping, whereas maternal minimizing reactions…

Describes a model for helping parents address their child's sexually inappropriate behavior. The model focuses on: supporting parents and facilitating their ability to accept their child's sexual problems, processing their affective and cognitive reactions, and devising a plan to help parents talk directly with their child about the sexually…

Assesses the relative effects of parents and peers on adolescent alcohol use via mechanisms of attachment and opportunity. Results indicated that peers are more influential than parents in shaping adolescents' patterns of alcohol consumption and that unstructured peer interaction is an especially powerful predictor of adolescent alcohol use and…

This paper examines studies on the interface of culture, parental beliefs, and childhood disability. The literature review indicated that parental beliefs about the nature and causes of disability reflected both biomedical and sociocultural views, and these beliefs on the nature and causes of disability affect beliefs about treatment and…

Ten- to 14-year olds and their mothers and teachers completed measures of parental discipline and children's prosocial behavior, empathy, and guilt. Parents' use of inductive rather than assertive discipline was related to children's prosocial behavior; children of inductive parents were more empathic than other children; and children's empathy…

Relations between parental perceptions and observed parent-child interaction were studied among normally developing children, children with autism, and children with mental retardation (N=82 total). Parents who reported their autistic children as more difficult temperamentally had children who were less engaged and less responsive when interacting…

Investigates the prevalence, nature and correlates of early heterosexual intercourse, and the extent and correlates of condom use of a sample of 14-year-olds in Scotland. The most important correlate of sexual experience was low level of parental monitoring; the key predictor for condom use was whether or not the respondent talked to their partner…

Compared the effectiveness of home- and community-based physical activity interventions that targeted mothers and daughters to increase physical activity and improve health- related fitness. Data on dyads from community- and home-based programs indicated that mothers and daughters responded positively to both types of programs. Home-based physical…

Study tests two hypotheses of parent-peer conflict and the parent-peer linkages. The situational hypothesis predicts that parental attachment will be associated with school identity and peer attachment with relational identity. The parent-peer linkages hypothesis suggests that parental attachment influences peer attachment. Findings offer strong…

Many parents view alcohol as an acceptable alternative to other drugs. Research indicates that little or no use of alcohol is strongly associated with young people who perceive that their parents will be upset if they use alcohol. What's more, parents can teach responsible decision-making around alcohol through the most powerful means available:…

Examined relationship between parental self-esteem and aspects of parent-adolescent interaction and adolescent behavior. Results from 139 parent-child dyads revealed that mothers with high self-esteem provided children with greater decision-making freedom and better communication. Fathers with high self-esteem reported better communication with…

Among 36 newborns, Infant Behavior Questionnaire (IBQ) activity level, responsivity, and irritability exhibited stability from 2 weeks to 2 months and from 2 months to 12 months. Irritability was stable from 2 weeks to 12 months. IBQ ratings generally increased by year's end. (RH)

When 16 parents' and 13 nonparents' conversations with children were examined for evidence of adults' differential responses to children's syntactic, phonological, and semantic errors, results indicated that adults tended to respond differentially to children's language mistakes, with parents showing greater sensitivity than non-parents. (RH)