Quilts have become a part of American Indian culture, and they are mentioned and even highlighted in certain works of contemporary Native American literature. Certain questions can be posed in regard to the inclusion of quilt references in contemporary American Indian novels. Do the quilts and the making of quilts have some type of metaphorical…

This study focuses on a group of practitioners from a school district that adopted reform-oriented curriculum materials but later rejected them, partially due to the inclusion of alternative algorithms in the materials. Metaphors implicit in a conversation among the group were analysed to illuminate their perspectives on instructional issues…

Andrea J. Stairs advocates culturally responsive teaching, a practice that explicitly highlights "issues of race, ethnicity, and culture as central to teaching, learning, and schooling," and emphasizes the necessity of interrogating the themes of race, power, and privilege in the urban classroom. Stairs observes two student teachers as…

Few would disagree that the essential purpose in multicultural studies is to promote compassionate understanding and to diminish hatred. The two basic approaches to this goal, celebrating differences and emphasizing unity, are suggested by Maya Angelou in her poem, "The Human Family." Most university courses do a good job of honoring…

This study considers some problems of reference found in figurative language, particularly in metaphor and metonymy. Analysis is based on the notion that the effects communicated by figurative language depend to a large extent on reference to more than one concept, experience, or entity, and that the presence of multiple potential referents…

Both a guide and an anthology, this book is for teachers (and self-teachers) who would like to explore the list poem, a flexible poetic form that can be used by beginning writers (from kindergarten to 12th grade) as well as by the most sophisticated. The book: offers practical advice on how to teach list poetry; describes how to work with students…

When poetry is approached as merely a type of literary expression--as words arranged in an unusual way, designed to confuse and baffle both teachers and students--the results are inevitable: confusion, feelings of ignorance, resentment. Poetry is not just a kind of literary expression but is and has always been a celebration, an actively shared…

Metaphors, figures of speech of one sort or another, similes, and analogies are not strangers to technical writing. Four exercises that seem typical of most technical writing syllabi and that seem appropriate points for the introduction of students to metaphors and other figures are (1) a technical description, which requires the student to…

Sectarian interpretation of presumption is a major problem facing the teacher of the Bible as literature. Students should be made aware of the pitfalls of interpreting the text from a theological point of view, including "over interpretation" or adding details to scripture, a reliance on poetic license, and an unfamiliaritY with basic Biblical…

A discussion of some special problems in translating medieval poetry into a modern language while conveying the original meaning, emotional tone and word play. The discussion centers on the poetry of Machaut, a medieval poet of interest to English scholars because of his influence on Chaucer. (AMH)

An account by the translator herself of her collaboration with Brauquier in translating his poetry. Many poems are reproduced in both the original French and the English translation along with excerpts from their correspondence on the best rendering of his thought, expression and emotions. (AMH)

Rimbaud's "Illuminations," one vast word-game, is used as an example of one of the most interesting challenges in translation--the rendering of plays on words. The process is discussed and illustrated by the analysis of numerous segments from "Illuminations." It is concluded that a satisfactory translation is almost impossible.…