The influences of home and school environment on teenage smoking were assessed according to sex differences, age differences, influence of adults, socioeconomic status, and coeducation v same sex grouping. (Author/DB)

This article reviews sex studies of children of cousin marriages and three studies of children of incestuous matings. It is argued that these studies, taken as a whole, provide no substantial evidence for an inbreeding depression effect within the polygenic system commonly asserted to determine IQ. (Author/DB)

Data indicate that much socialization for parenthood occurs well before the onset of childbearing. By the time a young woman is at risk of pregnancy, she has notions about the value of children and preferences for appropriate family size and sex of offspring. (Author/GC)

This article summarizes presentations made at a training institute on clinical approaches to infants and their families. Topics included assessment techniques, intervention approaches, outcome studies, and treatment modalities. Emphasis was placed on integrating emotional, cognitive, and social lines of development. (DB)

Israeli female college students participated in a study aimed at assessing women's personal aspirations about self-identity as compared with their perception of mother and father. Results indicate that the mother is perceived as responsible for the concrete stage, while the father symbolizes a further step of development. (Author/CMG)

A technique to measure maternal teaching strategies was developed for possible use in research and evaluation studies. Scores derived from the technique describe quality and quanitity of behaviors used by mothers to teach cognitive-perceptual tasks to their own young children. Reliability and validity data are presented. (Author/JKS)

Describes a study designed (1) to develop a parent behavior instrument suitable to the study of rural parents; (2) to study the stability of the behavior of rural parents over a one-year period; and (3) to investigate rural parent behaviors in relation to family and child demographic variables. (CT)

The amount of housework help influences the frequency of negative interaction between adult and child, whereas housework importance influences leisure, restrictions imposed on children, and willingness of the caretaker to respond to a child. Findings constitute an argument for increased role-sharing between husbands and wives. (Author)

The rules and concepts of basic moral reasoning can be taught without difficulty to quite young children; but educating them to prefer to use these rules is another matter. Kohlberg's stages are not likely to be stages of cognitive reasoning, but indication of the reasoning encouraged by the child's environment. (Author/SJL)

Forty impulsive fifth and sixth graders participated in a project to help them become more reflective problem solvers. The study hypothesized that training Ss' parents and teachers in D. Meichenbaum's verbal self-regulation procedures would be more effective than training only children in such procedures. (Author)

Results of this study of Wisconsin high school seniors were consistent with explanations involving role processes and structural effects. Same-sex influence appeared. Father's influence was related to instrumental orientations in boys. Contrary to expectations, there was no evidence of changing sex roles in the patterns of influence between 1964…

This summary of a research project investigating the lack of females in mathematics related occupations, concludes that the problem lies partially in the attitudes of girls toward mathematics. (MP)

The developmental, defensive, and role-playing theories of parental identification were tested on high school seniors. Results supported the developmental (warmth) hypothesis but were inconsistent with the defensive and role-playing hypotheses. Previous studies on identification are cited. (Author/SJL)

Data from a study of the newspaper reading habits of 18- to 34-year-olds suggest that reading a daily newspaper is a habitual practice involving certain repetitive actions and that the newspaper habit is dependent on the tradition of newspaper reading in the home when the individual was growing up. (GT)

The article suggests ways parents and teachers can help gifted, talented, and creative children to learn about the future and plan careers. (DLS)